Family Primulaceae Vent.
English Name: Primrose family
Description:
Annual, biennial to perennial, terrestrial, rarely water, herbaceous or small shrubs with roots, tubers or roots, with erect creeping or floating stems without stem. Leaves simple, rarely tunable divided, collected in the rosette, opposite or successive. Blossoms 4 - 5 - ( rarely 7 -) lobed, regular, rarely irregular, bisexual, collected in umbel or loose class-shaped inflorescence at the top or in the axilas of the leaves, rarely with single herbaceous bracts. Carpophore upper, rarely hemiupper, single station or multi-well with a central placenta and many ovules. The pedicle with threadedlike headed stigma. Stamens attached at the base or at the upper rim of the tube end, alternately or not with staminodii, heterostillya or homostil in the opening of theblossom, with or without husk tunicates . Fruit many seeds box, burst on top or at the seams with tabs or opening a lid. Seeds with a small bud and little nutritional tissue. Cross-pollinating , kleystogamni. Propagated by seed and vegetatively. Seeds are spread by water, wind and insects.
Table to determine the genera
1 Rhizome spherical or flattened tuber. Gum shares forming crown or backward ........................................ ............................................................. 4 .
.................................................. ................................ Boturche - Cyclamen L.
1* Rhizome of another type.Gum shares discoid or bell-shaped, located ............................................ ......................................................................... 2
2 Aquatic plants. rearrangement of imparting leaves ....................................................................................................* Water feathers - Hottonia L.
2 * Terrestrial plants with simple or palmate cut leaves .................................................................................................................................................3
3 Leaves collected in a rosette at the base of the stem ................................................................................................................................................. 4
3 * Leaves spaced along the stem. ..................... ........................................................................................................................................................7
4 Leaves kidney-shaped, slightly leathery ...................................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................................... ...... 8 . Snow-edge bell – Soldanella L.
4 * leaves with another form grassy ......................................................................................................................................................................... 5
5 Corolla shorter than the calyx ...................................................................................................................................... 6 . Oklop – Androsace L.
5 * Corolla longer than calyx .................................................................................................................................................................................... 6
6 Shallow palmate leaves cut into a heart shape ........................................................................................................................................................
.................................................. ...................................................................................................................................... 5 . Bear Eye - Cortusa L.
6* Leaves entire, serrated or other form ..................................................... ...................................................................... 7 . Primrose - Primula L.
7 Blossoms yellow ................................................................................................................................................ 1. Loosestrife - Lysimachia L.
7* Blossoms with another color ...................................................................................................................................................... ........................ 8
8 Leaves consecutive ................................................................................................................................................. 9. Северница - Samolus L.
8* Leaves opposite ....................................................................................................................................................................... ......................... 9
9 Blossoms blue, white-pink, red. Fruit box with lid opening ........................................................... .............................. 3 . Pimpernel - Anagallis L.
9* Blossoms whitish . Fruit box is bursting at the seams 5 shares till the base ............................... 2 . Звездолен - Asterolinon Hoffmanns, et Link
References: „Флора на НР България”, том VIII, БАН, София, (1982)
Distribution in Bulgaria: (Conspectus of the Bulgarian Vascular Flora) = conspectus&gs_l= Zlc.
E-mail: krnanev@gmail.com © K.Nanev