Family Umbelliferae Juss. (Apiaceae)
Сем. XCVII СЕННИКОЦВЕТНИ —UMBELLIFERAE JUSS. (APIACEAE)¹
Family Umbelliferae Juss. (Apiaceae)
Сем. XCVII СЕННИКОЦВЕТНИ —UMBELLIFERAE JUSS. (APIACEAE)¹
Fam: Umbelliferae Juss. (Apiaceae)
English Name: Celery, Carrot or Parsley familyDescription: Annuals to perennial terrestrial or aquatic herbaceous plants. Fibrous roots, spindly, fleshy varying degrees or forming roots. Stems erect or lodging, rarely the most part remaining underground, hollow or solid, with ribs or smooth, hairy, with or without spines, covered with a wax coating or not, swollen under nodes or cylindrical, rarely emerging as tubers. Leaves simple or pinnate of a different order; their shares ovate, rounded, lance, end shares filamentary, lance, ovate, rounded, triangular, soft or spiny, entire or serrated; with well or poorly developed vaginas, with hairs on both or only on the lower surfaces, or only on the veins of the lower surface, with simple or stellated hairs or small spikes. Inflorescences complex or complicated thyroid umbrella-like canopy, rarely the awnings are located at the ends of the branches and form a comlicated small broom, consisting of single or multiple branching (upper ray, radiation), ending with a different structure and number of flowers of secondary canopies. The main beam and the rays at the base of herbaceous, pulpy or tunicates, simple, pinnate, entire or serrated coated with hairs, barbs or trichomes of another type or bare grassy notes or the last absent; rarely the flowers gathered in compact heads, partially covered envelope of herbaceous leaflets. Flowers numerous, symmetrical or asymmetrical, unisexual, polygamy, hermaphrodite. Calyx consists of 5 to in different varying degrees developed teeth or missing. Petals 5, on the top concave, bend in a knot, rarely rounded, without growth, often peripheral petals in flower and peripheral flowers in the canopy larger. Stamens 5, ovary lower, with two nests. Bars 2, emerging in the base (stilopodium). Fruit composed of 2-disintegrating, non-disintegrating rarely monocotyledon partition (merikarpium) with endosperm attached to a thin grip between them (Karpoforo). Each partition (merikarpium) smooth or ribbed, primary, secondary and lateral ribs with mature tunicates wings (in various combinations), or without wings, with varying degrees developed edges covered with hairs, spines, hook-like spines or bare, in the furrows between edges, often at the very edges with aromatic channels. Cross-pollinating, entomophilic. multiply by seeds.
Table for determining the genera
1 Complex canopies are concise little heads ............................................................................................................. 2
1* The complex canopies are thyroid, hemispherical, spherical, like broom .............................................................. 4
1 The shell of the complex canopy of spiny leaflets ......................................................................... 3. - Eryngium L.
2* The shell of the complex canopy not prickly ......................................................................................................... 3
3 Bracts 14 - 18, yellow greenish or reddish .................................................................................... 2. - Astrantia L.
3* Bracts 4 - 8, grass green ................................................................................................................... 1. - Sanicula L.
4 The complex canopy composed of monochromatic canopies ............................................................ 4. - Lagoecia L.
4* The complex canopy composed of canopies with more than one flower ................................................................ 5
5 The complex similarly broom canopy, inflorescences on the tops of the branches of Twiggy by basically stem ........................................................................................................................................................ 27. - Trinia Hoffm.
5* Complicated canopy and the canopies spherical, hemispherical, thyroid ............................................................... 6
6 Rhizome separated by transverse partitions into separate airflow chambers …................................ 30. - Cicuta L.
6* Rhizome or roots are not divided into partitions ..................................................................................................... 7
7 Stems in cross section triangular .......................................................................... 25. - Heptapiera Margot et Reut.
7* Stems in cross section circular to polygonal ........................................................................................................... 8
8 Stems below the nodes (but not the vagina) strongly BLISTER swollen in its lower part
with a downwardly directed rigid bristly hairs ........................................................... 7. - Myrrhoides Heist, ex Fabr.
8* Stems below the nodes are not or only slightly swollen BLISTER ......................................................................... 9
9 Leaves on both sides or only on veins below with stellate hairs …............................…....... 54. - Opopanax Koch
9* Leaves naked or covered with hairs of another type ............................................................................................. 10
10 Sheaths of leaves strongly bulging, 2 - 10 cm in diameter, nearly spherical ....................................................... 11
10* Sheaths of leaves less strongly bulging, elliptical to ovate ……………….............................………………….12
11 Complex hood without sheath without casing or the base 1 - 3 leaflets ……............................... 51. - Angelica L.
11* Complex hood enveloped by numerous leaflets .................................................................... 61. - Laserpitiutn L.
12 Fleshy leaves. Coastal littoral plant ……………………………............................………….. 39. - Crithmum L.
12* Leaves leathery or herbaceous ............................................................................................................................ 13
13 Leaves leathery, sharply serrated with styliform drained teeth ............................................... 31. - Falcaria Fabr.
13* Leaves herbaceous, rarely more solid and dense, but then not serrated ............................................................. 14
14 Stems winged ...................................................................................................................................................... 15
14* Stems smooth, with ribs, cartilage edges, but not winged .................................................................................. 16
15 Shares of the leaves filamentary .............................................................................................. 18. - Bifora Hoffm.
15* Leaves 2 - 3 times trilobate, terminal units broadly ovate to nearly heart-.like ………………. 19. - Smyrnium L.
16 Leaves sessile, lance or heart-shaped, covering the stem, at least above simple ……...........................……... 17
16* Leaves slashed, divided, rarely entire, but then other leaf scars other …………................................................ 18
17 Upper leaves lance .................................................................................................................. 26. - Bupleurum L.
17* The upper leaves at its base deep heart-like, covering the stem ................................................19. - Smyrnium L.
18 Outer petals of external flowers 2 - 10 times larger than the rest, deep to the base splitted. The shell
of the main umbell of 4 - 5 lance, tapered or on top divided into two broad wide webbed leaflets ....................................................................................................................................................... 16. - Orlaya Hoffm.
18* Outer petals of the peripheral flowers identical ................................................................................................. 19
19 Calyx developed, its shares its clearly visible, larger than 0.5mm ..................................................................... 20
19* Calyx poorly developed units are absent or less than 0.5 mm ................................................................. 43 (p. 24)
20 Teeth of the calyx foliate .................................................................................................................................... 21
20* The teeth of the calyx triangular styliform, back wedge, lance (but not foliate) .................................................. 22
21 Bracts 3 -5, at the end tunicates and ciliates ................................................................................. 14. - Caucalis L.
21* Bracts 2 - 5, herbaceous, densely soft fibrous ......................................................................... 5. - Echinophora L.
22 Teeth of the calyx uneven each other .................................................................................................................. 23
22* The teeth of the calyx equal to each other .......................................................................................................... 25
23 The awnings with 3 sided arranged styliform-filamentary bracts .......................................... 17. - Coriandrum L.
23* The awnings with symmetrically arranged bracts or the last missing ................................................................. 24
24 Petals atop a shallow concave, with long wrapped inside small share ........................................ * - Cuminum L.
24* Petals split, with short or not wrapped inside small share ....................................................... 59. - Tordylium L.
25 The eeth of the calyx back wedge-shaped leaves simple to triple feathery divided ................... 41. - Oenanthe L.
25* The teeth of the calyx styliform, triangular or lance ........................................................................................... 26
26 The teeth styliform .............................................................................................................................................. 27
26* The teeth triangular or lance .............................................................................................................................. 30
27 Petals without nail, wrapped inside ................................................................................................. 40. - Seseli L.
27* Petals basically wedge narrowed in shorter or longer claw ............................................................................... 28
28 Petals ovate back on top with a curved inward sharp share .................................................. 61. - Laserpitium L.
28* Petals broadly ovate, round or heart-shaped back .............................................................................................. 29
29 Petals broadly ovate to round creamy yellow ............................................................. 38 - Berula Mert. et Koch
29* Petals back heartworms, white ................................................................................................................ - Sium L.
30 The teeth of the calyx lance ................................................................................................................................. 31
30* The teeth of the calyx triangular .......................................................................................................................... 33
31 Yellow petals. All flowers have the same shape and size ................ 22. - Hippomarathrum Hoffmanns, et Link
31* Petals with another color. Some of the flowers in different shapes and sizes .................................................... 32
32 Petals ovate back, on top with a curved inward sharp share ................................................. 61 - Laserpitium L.
32* Petals broadly ovate to elliptic back or close heart-shaped on top with curved inward curved portion ........................................................................................................................................................... 41. - Oenanthe L.
33 Petals yellow. All flowers equally Forms and sizes and screwed into the upper part ……...…… .................................................................................................................... 22. - Hippomarathrum Hoffmanns. et Link
33* Petals with another color, rarely yellow, but then an uneven in shape and size …….............................………. 34
34 The stem at the top covered with bristles similar, with broad-based and needlepoint hairs and short spines
on them ....................................................................................................................................... 15. - Turgenia Hoffm.
34* The stem at the top naked or covered with cloth otherwise ................................................................................ 35
35 The stem under the vaginas and under the clusters with a ring of downy cloth ......................... 57. - Heracleum L.
35* The stem with another type cloth or naked .......................................................................................................... 36
36 Petals on top engraved with unequal shares .................................................................. 13. - Turgeniopsis Boiss.
36* Petals on the top cut to varying degrees, with equal shares ................................................................................. 37
37 Stems naked ........................................................................................................................................................ 40
37* Stems bristly fibrous or with another type cloth …………………… ................................................................. 38
38 Stems under the awnings and the knots with scattered or grouped into rings simple hairs single cartilage spines
or entirely less just under the awnings simply fibrous ............................................................................ 40. - Seseli L.
38* Stems uniformly densely or sparsely bristly fibrous ........................................................................................... 39
39 Petals of the dorsal side-fitting long fibrous …........................................................................ 11. - Torilis Adans.
39* Petals nude ..................................................................................................................................... 62. - Daucus L.
40 Petals notch with envy inward reaching base share .................................................... 47. - Physospermum Guss.
40* Petals notch with envy inside, wanting to base their share .................................................................................. 41
41 Petals of peripheral flowers larger than the rest; bracts at the end widely tunicates, soft edge ciliates on
the top thinly tapered ............................................................................................................. 12. - Astrodaucus Drude
41* Petals same, bracts of another type and with other types of cilia or hairs .......................................................... 42
42 Petals with a long fingernail. Leaves 2 - 3 times triple divided, leafy shares rounded to broadly ovate .......................................................................................................................................................... 60. - Laser Borkh.
42* Petals without nail. Leaves simple to quadruple feathery divided ..................................................... 40. - Seseli L.
43 (19*) Stems with different types and densities cloth ............................................................................................ 44
43* Stems entirely naked ........................................................................................................................................... 72
44 Flowers orange or orange with a dark stripe in the middle leaves just divided ........................... 56. - Pastinaca L.
44* Flowers with other color, the leaves of another type .......................................................................................... 45
45 The shell of the complex canopy with more than 1 - 2 leaflets ........................................................................... 46
45* The coating of the complex canopy of 1 - 2 leaflets or missing ........................................................................... 55
46 Outer petals of the final flowers longer than other .............................................................................................. 47
46* All petals the same .............................................................. ............................................................................... 48
47 The sheath of complex awnings of lance leaflets ..................................................................8. - Chaerophyllum L.
47* The sheath of the complex awnings of feathery leaflets .................................................................. 62. - Daucus L.
48 Petals only on the inside covered with small papillae ........................................................................................ 49
48* Petals naked or with differently combined cloth, cilia, papillae and others ........................................................ 50
49 The sheath of complex awnings of a plurality feathery divided leaflets ................... 21. - Pleurospermum Hoffm.
49* The sheath of complex awnings of 3 - 6 narrowly lance leaflets ................................................. 46. - Meum Mill.
50 The stems below the nodes and the awnings with cartilage spikes, ring of simple cloth, rarely completely
covered with a spiked hairs ....................................................................................................................................... 51
50* Plants with another type and arrangement of indumentums .................................................................................. 53
51 The shell of complex awnings of grassy leaflets., on top with cartilage small awn. Flowers yellow green
or yellow ................................................................................................................................................................... 52
51* The shell of complex awnings on top grassy. The flowers white, white pink, violet, yellow ........... 40. - Seseli L.
52 Bracts with streak in the middle; flowers greenish yellow ........................................................ 45. - Silaum Mill.
52* Bracts without streak in the middle; Flowers clear yellow .............................................................. .40. - Seseli L.
53 The plants pile up diluted fibrous, often at the base of a thick, short bristly, up diluted fibrous .......................... 54
53* Plants with hard 1 - 3 mm long bristles directed downwards, whitish or colorless, the same or mixed
in the upper part with shorter hairs …........................................................................................ 8. - Chaerophyllum L.
54 Petals notch without wrapped inside small share. Stems diluted fibrous or underlying densely
short bristly, upwards diluted fibrous .......................................................................................... 55. - Peucedanum L.
54* Petals notch with wrapped inside small share. Stems bristly fibrous ........................................ 35. - Pimpinella L.
55 (45 *) The external leaflets of the end flowers clearly larger than rest …………................................................. 56
55* The external petals of the end flowers identical or negligible contrast with other .............................................. 61
56 The petals almost to the base splitted, without tapered small share notch ...........................… 57. - Heracleum L.
56* The petals shallower cut to almost whole, with pointed tip small share notch ................................................... 57
57 The shares of the individual petals asymmetric .................................................................................................. 58
57* The shares of the individual petals symmetrical ................................................................................................. 59
58 One bract a closely lancet or absent ...................................................................................... 36. - Aegopodium L.
58* Bracts outnumber, on the top long styliform pointed .................................................................. .6. -Huetia Boiss.
59 The end units of the leaves linear to filiform ................................................................................. 10. - Scandix L.
59* The end units of the leaves of another type .......................................................................................................... 60
60 Petals broadly ovate, 1/4, 1/3 to 1/2 cut notch with screwed inwardly tapered narrow portion .................................................................................................................................................... 8. - Chaerophyllum L.
60* Petals ovate to back heart-shaped, curved inwards .................................................................. 50. - Ligusticum L.
61 (55*) Flowers orange or orange with dark line in the middle ...................................................... 56. - Pastinaca L.
61* Flowers with other color .................................................................................................................................... 62
62 Stems with hard 1 - 3 mm long bristles, directed downward and mixed in top part of the stem with shorter hairs .................................................................................................................................................... 8. - Chaerophyllum L.
62* Stems with another type indumentum ................................................................................................................... 63
63 Plants moss diluted or underlying thick, short bristly fibrous .................................................... 35. - Pimpinella L.
63* Stems with another type cloth ............................................................................................................................. 64
64 Leaves simply pinnate, terminal units from 1.0 to 4.5 cm wide. Stab¬lata soft and sticky, fibrous.
The colors yellow ................................................................................................................... 58. - Malabayla Hoffm.
64* Leaves 2 - 3 or more times feathery parted, rarely just feathery, but then other features other ............................ 65
65 Stem just below the awnings with short bristles, just styliform cloth or cartilaginous spines ............................. 66
65* The stem beneath the awnings and below the nodes with a ring of simple cloth, with single or multiple
cartilaginous spines completely covered with cloth or rod-shaped shaft into the bottom half only on the side fiber,
entirely in the lower half and the nodes or only mildly and nodes to a solid, thick whitish fiber ............................... 69
66 Stem under the awnings with simple styliform hairs ......................................................................... 40. - Seseli L.
66* Stem in the awnings with cartilage hairs, spines or short a small bristles ......................................................... 67
67 Stem with short bristles. The petals covered with buds wrapped inside, without small share...... 42. - Aethusa L.
67* Stem with cartilage hairs or spines. Petals with wrapped inside small share ................................................... 68
68 Bracts 3 - 6, edge tunicates ........................................................................................................... 49. - Selinum L.
68* Bracts 6 - 19 of another type ............................................................................................................ 40. - Seseli L.
69 The stem beneath the awnings and under bundles with single or multiple gristly spines .................................... 70
69* The stem beneath the awnings and below the nodes with a ring of simple fibers, evenly covered with cloth or
spurs at the base and knots with soft to firm whitish fiber ......................................................................................... 71
70 Petals slightly indented without wrapped inside small share, white yellowish ...................... 48. - Cnidium Guss.
70* Petals clearly wrapped inside small share, yellow greenish ...................................................... 45. - Silaum Mill.
71 The stem beneath the awnings and nodes with a ring of fibers or entirely covered with a simple rod-shaped cloth ................................................................................................................................................................. 40. - Seseli L.
71* The stem in the bottom half only on the side fiber, entirely in the lower half and the junctions or nodes only
soft to firm whitish fiber ............................................................................................................... 9. - Anthriscus Pers.
72 (43*) Petals divided into 2 thinner and 2 shovel-like partition with a middle membranous flowing in
outgrowth edge ........................................................................................................................................... * - Ammi L.
72* Petals purposes slightly incised or divided otherwise ........................................................................................ 72
73 End leaf partitions linear to filiform, not wider than 2 mm ................................................................................. 74
73* End leafy shares of other shapes and sizes or wider than 2 mm .......................................................................... 86
74 End leafy shares asymmetrical, tapered tip; their external half wider and resulting therefrom down on the leaf axis ....................................................................................................................................... 33. - Steffanofia H. Wolf
74* The end leaf shares on top symmetrical .............................................................................................................. 75
75 Flowers yellow ..................................................................................................................................................76
75* Flowers with other color ................................................................................................................................... 81
76 Leaf partitions with keel-similar streak and narrow, cartilage wrapped inward edge .......... 55. - Peucedanum L.
76* The leaf shares without keel-similar streak, edge flat ......................................................................................... 77
77 Upper leaves with grassy, stipule-similar formations ........................................................... 53. - Ferulago Koch.
77* The upper leaves without grassy stipule-similar formations ............................................................................... 78
78 Plants without lining of complex hood without bracts ........................................................................................ 79
78* Plants at least with bracts ................................................................................................................................... 80
79 Petals atop slashed strongly curved inward; end leaf units 1.0 - 1.5 mm wide, 8 - 15 mm long .. 44. - Anetum L.
79* Petals on top cut short, slightly curved inwards. End leaf units 0.3 - 0.4 mm wide, 5 - 25 mm long ................................................................................................................................................... 43. - Foeniculum Mill.
80 The shell of the complex awnings of grassy threadlike, fibrous pads ........................................... 23. - Cachrys L.
80* The shell of the complex awnings of linear lance, tunicates, the tip sharpened leaflets of ..... 24 . - Prangos Lindt.
81 (75*) The external petals of the peripheral flowers larger than the other ………….............................……........ 82
81* All petals the same .............................................................................................................................................. 84
82 Petals cut out of asymmetric units .............................................................................................. 6. - Huetia Boiss.
82* Petals whole or cut to symmetrical units ............................................................................................................. 83
83 Bracts pinnate, edge ciliates or tunicates, shorter or slightly longer than the flower stems ............... 10. - Scandix
83* Bracts filamentary, 4 times shorter than the longest flower stem ........................................................ 32. - Sarum
84 Petals white, with yellow-orange band in the middle ......................................................................... 32. - Sarum
84* Petals with another color ................................................................................................................................... 85
85 Petals developed with clear fingernail, on top concave inward with blunted tip ................................ 34. - Bunium
85* Petals without clearly developed claw ............................................................................................................... 86
86 Stem leaves tunicates and ciliates, well-developed vaginas ........................................................... 10. - Scandix L.
86* Stem leaves only on the edge tunicates, and the base with tabs or vaginas underdeveloped .............................. 87
87 End leaf partitions 3 - 4 mm long, 1 - 2 mm wide, on top with small awn; vaginas underdeveloped .............................................................................................................................................................. 49. - Selinum L.
87* End leaf shares 1 - 5 cm long, 0.5 - 1 mm wide; vaginas on edge membranous, at the base with small ears ................................................................................................................................................................. 40. - Seseli L.
88 (73*) Flowers orange or orange with a dark line in the middle ................................................... 56. - Pastinaca L.
88* Flowers with other color ............................................ ...................................................................................... 89
89 Complex awnings without shell and awnings without bracts .......................................................... 28. - Apium L.
89* The complex umbrellas with casing and awnings with bracts or at least bracts …….............................……… 90
90 The complex umbrellas with casing and awnings with bracts ...............................................................................91
90* Only awnings with bracts ................................................................................................................................. 103
91 Intermediate shares (second order) triangular rhombic, 4 - 12 cm long, 1.5 - 5.0 cm wide. Plant with
specific smell ....................................................................................................................... * - Levisticum A. W. Hill
91* The intermediate portions (second order) of other shape and smaller dimensions ............................................. 92
92 Complex awnings enveloped by a plurality, feathery cut screwed down leaflets .... 21. - Pleurospermum Hoffm.
92* Complex awnings with another type and number envelope notes ........................................................................ 93
93 Peripheral flowers larger, asymmetrically to 1/4 divided petals .......................................... 36. - Aegopodium L.
93* Peripheral flowers identical to other .................................................................................................................. 94
94 The end shares of basal leaves broadly wedge, on the edge jagged or wavy folded. Plants with
a characteristic smell of parsley .......................................................................................... * - Petroselinum AW Hill
94* The end shares of basal leaves with another form ............................................................................................... 95
95 Petals atop a deep cut and notch a wide wrapped inward and reaching almost to the base small share .................................................................................................................................................................. 29. - Sison L.
95* Petals atop a shallow cut or uncut, with short wrapped inside small share ......................................................... 96
96 Stems hollow, with thin walls, at the base with red spots and unpleasant smell ........................... 20. - Conium L.
96* Stems solid with thick walls and very small cavity ............................................................................................ 97
97 Wrapping pieces of the complex awnings uneven .............................................................................................. 98
97* Wrapping pieces of the complex awnings equal ................................................................................................. 99
98 Petals bare and smooth sheath pieces of the complex hood 6 - 8, at the top, heavily drained, the edge tunicates ................................................................................................................................................................... 37. - Sium L.
98* Petals from above with small warts, sheath pieces of the complex awnings 4 - 12, to many, on the top
elongated, diverted down ......................................................................................................... * 55. - Peucedanum L.
99 The shell of the complex awnings of 10 - 15 or multiple pieces of .................................................................. 100
99* The shell of the complex awnings with less than 10 notes ................................................................................ 101
100 The shell of the complex awnings of 10 - 15 narrow lance to styliform, edge tunicates and ciliates
leaflets; bracts 6 - 16. Stems entirely rough-edged polygonal ................................................................. 40. - Seseli L.
100* The shell of the complex awnings with more than 15 linear styliform, white ciliary or naked membranous
edge pads, bracts more than 16. The stems with rounded ribs and grooves or only in the upper angular ...................................................................................................................................................... 55. - Peucedanum L.
101 Bracts 4 - 8, linear lance, linear styliform with narrow fine serrated membranous edge .... 55. - Peucedanum L.
101* Bracts numerous, linear lance to filiform, naked or 7 - 15, lance, fibrous, only the edge ciliates or bare,
but then widely tunicates, not serrated .....................................................................................................................102
102 Bracts numerous linear lanceolate to filiform, naked ........................................................... 55. - Peucedanum L.
102* Bracts 7 - 15, lance, fibrous, only the edge ciliates or bare, but then widely tunicates and not serrated ................................................................................................................................................................. 40. - Seseli L.
103 (90*) Flowers orange or orange with a dark line in the middle ................................................. 56. - Pastinaca L.
103* Flowers another color .................................................................................................................................... 104
104 Flowers intensely yellow (unshaded) ............................................................................................................. 105
104* Flowers with other color ................................................................................................................................ 107
105 Leaves divided feathery; shares 3 - 9, 1,2 – 4,5 cm long, 1,5 – 4,5 cm wide, rounded, cut in the base
or short avoiding down. Stems soft or tacky fibrous ................................................................ 58. - Malabayla Hoffm.
105* Major leafy shares lance, rhombic, ovate and others. ..................................................................................... 106
106 Bracts absent ................................................................................................................................. 52. - Ferula L.
106* Bracts 1 - 2 (-4) or multiple, of the linear lanceolate to filiform ........................................ 55. - Peucedanum L.
107 Bracts absent .................................................................................................................................................. 108
107* Bracts developed ............................................................................................................................................ 109
108 External petals of the peripheral flowers slightly longer than the rest, back ovoid, very short bristly .......................................................................................................................................................... 35. - Pimpinella L.
108* External petals identical to the other, almost circular, naked ......................................................... 28. - Apium L.
109 External petals of the peripheral flowers larger, to 1/4 asymmetrically cut ..............…….. 36. - Aegopodium L.
109* External petals of the peripheral flowers identical to the other, uncut or cut symmetrically …..........………. 110
110 Stem recumbent or be lifted, in the lower nodes rooted ............................................................... 23. - Apium L.
110* Stems erect, not rooted is ................................................................................................................................ 111
111 Bracts curved downwards, 1 - 8, ovate, ovoid lance, sharp edge ciliates ........................... 9. - Anthriscus Pers.
111* Bracts not curved downwards; if you deviate slightly, the bracts are other scars ……...........................…… 112
112 Leaves fine fluffy fibrous or veins and leaf axis below with rare, up to 2 mm long, white bristles and hairs . 113
113 Leaves fine fluffy fibrous ....................................................................................................... 35 . - Pimpinella L.
113* On the fibers and on the leaf axis below, the leaves with diluted, up to 2 mm long, white bristles
and hairs on the edge ciliates ..................................................................................................... 8. - Chaerophyllum L.
114 Pink flowers. Leaves bare .................................................................................................. 55. - Peucedanum L.
114* Flowers white. The leaves on the median nerve with cartilaginous spines .................................... 40. - Seseli L.¹ The description of the family and the table to determine the genera developed by D. Peev
From „Флора на НР България”, том VIII, БАН, София, (1982)
* * *
Apiaceae or Umbelliferae, is a family of mostly aromatic flowering plants named after the type genus Apium and commonly known as the celery, carrot or parsley family. It is the 16th-largest family of flowering plants, with more than 3,700 species in 434 genera[1] including such well-known and economically important plants such as angelica, anise, asafoetida, caraway, carrot, celery, chervil, coriander, cumin, dill, fennel, hemlock, lovage, cow parsley, parsley, parsnip, sea holly, giant hogweed and silphium (a plant whose identity is unclear and which may be extinct).
Description
Most Apiaceae are annual, biennial or perennial herbs (frequently with the leaves aggregated toward the base), though a minority are woody shrubs or small trees such as Bupleurum fruticosum.[2]:35 Their leaves are of variable size and alternately arranged, or with the upper leaves becoming nearly opposite. The leaves may be petiolate or sessile. There are no stipules but the petioles are frequently sheathing and the leaves may be perfoliate. The leaf blade is usually dissected, ternate or pinnatifid, but simple and entire in some genera, e.g. Bupleurum.[3] Commonly, their leaves emit a marked smell when crushed, aromatic to foetid, but absent in some species.
The defining characteristic of this family is the inflorescence, the flowers nearly always aggregated in terminal umbels, that may be simple or more commonly compound, often umbelliform cymes. The flowers are usually perfect (hermaphroditic) and actinomorphic but there may be zygomorphic petals at the edges of the umbel, as in carrot (Daucus carota). Some are andromonoecious, polygamomonoecious, or even dioecious (as in Acronema), with a distinct calyx and corolla, but the calyx is often highly reduced, to the point of being undetectable in many species, while the corolla can be white, yellow, pink or purple. The flowers are nearly perfectly pentamerous, with five petals, sepals, and stamens. The androecium consists of five stamens, but there is often variation in the functionality of the stamens even within a single inflorescence. Some flowers are functionally staminate (where a pistil may be present but has no ovules capable of being fertilized) while others are functionally pistillate (where stamens are present but their anthers do not produce viable pollen). Pollination of one flower by the pollen of a different flower of the same plant (geitonogamy) is common. The gynoecium consists of two carpels fused into a single, bicarpellate pistil with an inferior ovary. Stylopodia support two styles and secrete nectar, attracting pollinators like flies, mosquitoes, gnats, beetles, moths, and bees. The fruit is a schizocarp consisting of two fused carpels that separate at maturity into two mericarps, each containing a single seed. The fruits of many species are dispersed by wind but others such as those of Daucus spp., are covered in bristles, which may be hooked in sanicle Sanicula europaea[2] and thus catch in the fur of animals. The seeds have an oily endosperm[4][5] and often contain essential oils, containing aromatic compounds that are responsible for the flavour of commercially important umbelliferous seed such as anise, cumin and coriander. The shape and details of the ornamentation of the ripe fruits are important for identification to species.[3]:802Systematics
Apiaceae was first described by John Lindley in 1836.[6] The name is derived from the type genus Apium, which was originally used by Pliny the Elder circa 50 AD for a celery-like plant.[7] The alternative name for the family, Umbelliferae, derives from the inflorescence being generally in the form of a compound umbel. The family was one of the first to be recognized as a distinct group in Jacques Daleschamps' 1586 Historia generalis plantarum. With Robert Morison’s 1672 Plantarum umbelilliferarum distribution nova it became the first group of plants for which a systematic study was published.
The family is solidly placed within the Apiales order in the APG III classification system. It is closely related to Araliaceae and the boundaries between these families remain unclear. Traditionally groups within the family have been delimited largely based on fruit morphology, and the results from this have not been congruent with the more recent molecular phylogenetic analyses. The subfamilial and tribal classification for the family is currently in a state of flux, with many of the groups being found to be grossly paraphyletic or polyphyletic.[1]From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Statistics
Species of Apiaceae contained within The Plant List belong to 347 plant genera.
The Plant List includes 12,816 scientific plant names of species rank for the family Apiaceae. Of these 2,786 are accepted species names.
The Plant List includes a further 1,622 scientific plant names of infraspecific rank for the family Apiaceae. We do not intend The Plant List to be complete for names of infraspecific rank. These are primarily included because names of species rank are synonyms of accepted infraspecific names.From The Plant List - www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Apiaceae/
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References: „Флора на НР България”, том VIII, БАН, София, (1982), Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, The Plant List - www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Apiaceae/
Distribution in Bulgaria (Conspectus of the Bulgarian Vascular Flora) = conspectus&gs_l= Zlc.
Distribution:
GENERA:
Genus Angelica L. - No thesaurus entry found for 'angelica'
Genus Anthriscus Pers. - Chervil
Genus Carum L. - Wild caraway, Caraway
Genus Chaerophyllum L. - Chervil
Genus Conium L. - Conium
Genus Daucus L. - Queen Anne's lace and Wild carrot
Genus Eryngium L. - Eryngo, Sea holly
Genus Heracleum L. - Hogweed, Cow parsnip
Genus Orlaya Hoffm. - not found English name
Genus Pastinaca L. - Wild parsnip
Genus Smyrnium L. - x x x
Genus Torilis Adans. - Hedge parsleys
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