Genus Chamaecytisus Link
Род 430 (8). ЗАНОВЕЦ — GHAMAECYTISUS LINK ¹
Link, Handb. II (1831) 154; Rothm., Repert. Spec. Nov. LIII (1944) 143; Klask., Acta Univ. Carol. Biol. Suppl. 1964/2 (1964); 16; Cytisus L., Sp. PI. ed. 1 (1753) 739; Gen. PI. ed. 5 (1754) 328, p. p.; Cytisus sect. Wiborgya (Moench) Briq., Etud. Cyt.(1894) 161
Fam: Leguminose Juss. (Fabaceae)
Genus: Chamaecytisus Link
English Name: x x x
Description: Shrubs, more or less fibrous, without spines or rarely with thorns, twigs round, leaves triple. Entire leaflets. Stipule not developed. Multiple flowers, by (1) 2 - 5 in bundles in the bosom of the leaves, forming a raceme, or 2 - 20 at top of head inflorescences. Calyx pipe-like, irregular, from 1/3 to mid-bilabial, upper lip with two, three lower, shorter than the lips of teeth. Corolla white or pale intense yellow or yellow with reddish to brown spots, rarely reddish, incorrectly, with five petals. Stamens 10, fused, anthers alternative, 5 shorter attached in the middle, 5 longer attached to the base. Ovary goal or fibrous. Beans oblong, laterally flattened, elliptical cross section closely, 2 - 8-seed, naked or fibrous, splits are. Seeds lenticular to lenticular ovate, smooth, appendage. Pollinating insects is, Released with seeds.
Economic importance. Honey and ornamental plants, enhance soil, containing various alkaloids and some are used in folk and formal medicine.
Note. Most species of the genus are distinguished by a pronounced variability, which frequently determination is hampered unless the materials are collected in an appropriate phase of the plant. For surer necessary correlation between: the structure of the inflorescence, the nature of indumentum of twigs, leaves, calyxes, flag and beans and color of the corolla. In the group with racemes are key indumentumat of the flag, beans and leaves, but since both outer blossoms of the inflorescence still bloom, when basic already evolved to mature fruits, these correlations are not difficult to identify. Blots at the base of the flag showed not naturally manifestation. In the group of head clusters is crucial Live to determine exactly the color of the corolla: white, pale yellow or intense yellow. Stefanov Stoyanov (1933) noted that whites on drying become yellow and pale yellow - dark yellow. Consequently, the revision of a number of herbarium materials is very difficult or impossible, which is why the spread of some species is still unclear.
In the collection of the material more attention should be paid to color, seeking individual can and immature fruit. In characterizing indumentum important is the length of the nap, their status, whether they are straight or curved to curly.
It should be noted that quickly and securely identify typical specimens, while between them there are numerous transition and hybrid forms that can only be identified after a detailed comparison.
The reasons for the sharp variation in the genus are unclear. No known laws of evolution. Chromosome numbers of most taxa are unknown. The little-known numbers speak for polyploid series dominated by oktoploidite (2n = 48) and fewer tetraploid (2n = 24) and 16 ploydi (2n = 96). Not studied the processes of macro and microsporogenesis, embryological development and the role of hybridization. Due to these circumstances, the species concept is based only on morphological correlations. This development was abandoned multilaterally concept of Briquet and Ascherson and Graebner (introduced for Bulgaria by Stefanov and Stoyanov) that a large number of subspecies, varieties and forms are grouped into two main types (for our flora): hirsutus and supinus . Adopted a species concept Rothmaler, implemented in Flora Europaea from Frodin and Heywood, which separates many close morphologically smaller volume types. Splitting into two groups - a cluster of head and petals, in our conditions it is not appropriate as within C. absinthioides observed complete the transition from one type to the other. Difficulties in taxonomic work increased by the fact that in Bulgaria, and especially in certain parts of the Danube plain, northeastern Bulgaria and the Rila-Rhodope Massif, there is extremely intense speciation.Table for determining the types
1 All flowers gathered in clusters of head on the tips of branches .......................................................................................................................... 2
1* All flowers side in the bosom of the leaves that form a loose cluster or clusters except mounds of head inflorescence branches along its length with lateral flowers or petals, forming a mixed cluster inflorescences ............................................................................................................................ 17
2 Small 5.0 - 15.0 (20.0 - 30.0) cm tall shrubs. At least some of the branches recumbent or low. Blossoms collected 2 - 4 (6 - 8) or single .......... 3
2* Shrubs (20.0) 40.0 - 80.0 (150.0 - 200.0) cm high. Branches erect or ascending, blossms (2 - 3) 5 - 8 (15-20) .............................. ................. 7
3 Beans long curved fiber. Sheets on top absently fibrous or almost almost naked …...................................... 11. - Ch. pygmaeus (Willd.) Rothm.
3* Beans thick short straight fiber. Leaflets on top with thick cloth ......................................................................................................................... 4
4 A flag white ................................................................................................................................................... 19. - Ch. kovacevi (Vel.) Rothm.
4* A flag pale to intense yellow .............................................................................................................................................................................. 5
5 Calyx outstretched fibrous ................................................................................................................................................................................ 6
5* Calyx fitting fiber ................................................................................................................................................. 12. - Ch.jankae (Vel.) Rothm.
6 Shoots fitting fibrous ……………………………….......................................................................……………... 8. - Ch. austriacus (L.) Link
6* Shoots spread fibrous ..................................................................................................................................... 13. - Ch. calcareus (Vel.) Kuzm.
7 A flag white ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 8
7* A flag pale yellow to intense yellow ................................................................................................................................................................. 11
8 Shoots with straight and curved hairs ................................................................................................................................................................ 9
8* Shoots only with straight (rarely twisted along its length) cloth ...........................................................................................................................10
9 Leaflets from above usually densely fibrous, 2.0 4.0 (-6.0) mm wide Corolla 10.0 - 15.0 (-20.0) mm long ............................................................................................................................................................................. 19. - Ch. kovacevi (Vel.) Rothm
9* Leaflets from above diluted fiber to almost naked, 3.0 - 12.0 mm wide Corolla (18,0-) 20.0 (-25.0) mm long .................................................................................................................................................................. 17. - Ch. frivaldszkyanus (Deg.) Kuzm
10 Calyx 10.0 - 12.0 mm long; upper teeth triangular lancet ..................................................................................... 18. - Ch. albus (Jacq.) Rothm
10* Calyx (15.0) 18.0 - 20.0 mm long; upper teeth broadly triangular ............................................... .................. 20 - Ch. nejceffii (Urum.) Rothm.
11 A flag intense yellow .................................................................................................................................................................................... 12
11* A flag pale yellow ................................................................................................................................. ....................................................... 14
12 Shoots spread her long straight or curved fiber. Sheets from above almost naked, diluted to spread fiber. The bean spread fiber to furry ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 10 - Ch. supinus (L.) Link
12* Shoots fitting short fiber. Leaflets from above to densely-fitting silk fiber. The bean-fitting silk fibrous ............................................................ 13
13 Calyx stretched, densely fibrous …………..........................................................................………………….... 8. - Ch. austriacus (L.) Link
13* Calyx with sparse short hairs lies close to alm0ost naked ............................................................................. 9. - Ch. heuffelii (Wierzb.) Rothm.
14 Calyx with fitting straight hairs ..................................................................................................................................................................... 15
14* Calyx with stretched straight or curved hairs .................................................................................................................................................. 16
15 Branches mainly lies close cloth. Blossoms 5 - 8 in the inflorescence ........................................... 15. - Ch. banaticus (Griseb. et Schenk) Rothm.
15* Branches with outstretched cloth. The blossoms (5) 12 - 18 in inflorescence ....................…………........... 16. - Ch. rochelii (Wierzb.) Rothm.
16 Branches spread out cloth. Beans 3.0 - 3.5 cm long, with off-standing correct hairs …………… ………... 16. - Ch. rochelii (Wierzb.) Rothm.
16* Branches with off-standing hairs. Beans to 2.0 cm long, with outstretched curved hairs ………. ................... 14. - Ch. danubialis (Vel.) Rothm.
17 (1*) All blossoms lateral, in raceme ................................................................................................................................................................. 21
17* At least part of the top blossoms headed in inflorescence ............................................................................................................................... 18
18 A flag white ...................................................................................................................................................... 18. - Ch. albus (Jacq.) Rothm.
18* A flag pale yellow to intense yellow ............................................................................................................................................................... 19
19 Branches with off-standing (ascending to) hairs ........................................................................................................ 8. Ch austriacus (JL) Link
19* Branches with spread out straight or curved hairs ...................................................................................................................................... .. 20
20 Leaflets (10.0) 15.0 - 35.0 mm long and (5.0) 7.0 - 14.0 mm wide, above sparsely hairy to almost bare ................... 10 - Ch. supimis (L.) Link
20* Leaflets (4.0) 5.0 - 10.0 (from 16.0 - 30.0) mm long and (1.5) 2.0 - 3.0 (-9.0) mm wide, top with lying supine in densely silky hairy ...................................................................................................................................................................... 7. - Ch. absinthioides (Janka) Kuzm,
21 A flag on the back naked .............................................................................................................................................................................. 22
21* A flag back more or less fibrous .......... ......................................................................................................................................................... 27
22 Branches fitting fibrous .............................................................................................................................................................................. .. 23
22* Branches spread fibrous ............................................................................................................................................................................. 25
23 Whole bean fiber ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 24
23* Beans naked or only rarely at the seams fibrous .................................................................................... 5. - Ch. leiocarpus (A. Kern.) Rothm.
24 Leaflets on top bare, on the edge not ciliates ............ 6. - Ch. ratisbonensis (Schaeff.) Rothm.
24* Leaflets top lying in dense fibrous, rarely balding to naked, on the edge ciliates ……………................................ 4. - Ch. glaber (L. f.) Rothm.
25 Beans on the sides goal, at the seams long thick fibrous ........................................ .......................................... 3. Ch. ciliatus (Wahlenb.) Rothm.
25* Beans fully fibrous ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 26
26 Branches Widespread. Single or few flowers in short racemes loose. Plant 10.0 - 25.0 cm tall ...................... 2. - Ch. polytrichus (MV) Rothm.
26* Branches ascending or erect. The flowers numerous in dense or porous elongated racemes. Plant 20.0 - 100.0 (200.0) cm high. ................................................................................................................................................................................ ...... 1. - Ch. hirsutus (L.) Link
27 Branches fitting fibrous .................................................................................................................................................................................. 28
27* Branches spread fibrous .............................................................................................................................................................................. 29
28 Leafleto from above naked. Calyx naked or diluted fitting fiber. Beans naked or only rarely at the seams fibrous ………………................................................................................................................................................. 5. - Ch. leiocarpus (Kern.) Rothm.
28* Leafleto from above lying in dense fibrous, rarely lay bare up to bare. Calyx with dense or spread lies close cloth. Beans naked or rarely in countries fitting densely fibrous ………………….. .................................................................................................... 4. - Ch. glaber (L. f.) Rothm.
29 Beans on the sides goal, at the seams densely long straight fibrous .............................................................. 3. - Ch. ciliatus (Wahlenb.) Rothm.
29* Beans fully fibrous ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 30
30 Branches Widespread. Single or few flowers in loose clusters short. Plant 10.0 - 25.0 cm tall .. ………..….. 2. - Ch. polytrichus (MV) Rothm.
30* Branches ascending or erect. The flowers numerous in dense or porous elongated racemes. Plant 20.0 - 100.0 (200 0) cm high. ................................................................................................................................................................... 1. Hairy broom - Ch. hirsutus (L.) Link¹ developed by B. Kouzmanov
* * * Chamaecytisus is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae. It belongs to the subfamily Faboideae. It may be a synonym of Cytisus.[2] C. palmensis is a tree from the Canary Islands used as a fodder crop around the world.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia* * *
Chamaecytisus
The genus Chamaecytisus is in the family Leguminosae in the major group Angiosperms (Flowering plants).
Statistics are at the end of the page.
The Plant List* * *
References: „Флора на НР България”, том VI, БАН, София, (1976), Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Distribution in Bulgaria: (Conspectus of the Bulgarian Vascular Flora) = conspectus&gs_l= Zlc.
Distribution:SPECIES:
Chamaecytisus austriacus (L.) Link - Österreich-Zwerggeißklee (in German)
Chamaecytisus calcareus (Velen.) Kuzm. - x x x
Chamaecytisus ciliatus (Wahlenb.) Rothm. - Clustered broom or Hairy broom
Chamaecytisus hirsutus (L.) Link - Clustered Broom or Hairy Broom
Chamaecytisus supinus (L.) Link - Big-flower broom
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