BGFlora.eu

 

Genus Crataegus L.

L. , Sp. PL ed. 1 (1753) 475; Gen. Pl. ed. 5 (1754) 213.

Fam:   Rosaceae Juss.
Genus:   Crataegus L.
English Name: Hawthorn, Thornapple, May-tree, Whitethorn, Hawberry

Description:
Crataegus /krəˈtiːɡəs/,[3] commonly called hawthorn, thornapple,[4] May-tree,[5] whitethorn,[5] or hawberry, is a large genus of shrubs and trees in the family Rosaceae, native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere in Europe, Asia and North America. The name "hawthorn" was originally applied to the species native to northern Europe, especially the common hawthorn C. monogyna, and the unmodified name is often so used in Britain and Ireland. The name is now also applied to the entire genus and to the related Asian genus Rhaphiolepis. The name haw, originally an Old English term for hedge, applies to the fruit.[6]
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Shrubs or small trees with fallen leaves and usually with thorny branches. Leaves simple not chopped or cut shallower or deeper or feather-like, with entire or saw-tooth shares. The stipules different in shape and texture, the long branches like normal leaves not fallen leaves. Blossoms typically collected in many thyroid inflorescences, rarely single. Sepals 5, usually short, more or less with three edges, entire or substantially elongate and glandular serrated. Petals 5 round, with or without a basal claw, mostly white, rarely pink-red. The stamens (5) 10 - 25. The vege-sheets 1 to 5 on the top and on the inside near the base free from a pipe (outer) or completely fused with A pan dish (hipantiya) or half free. Bars 1 - 5; ovary 1 - 5, single station with stiff  ovules. Pyrenes 1 - 5 with stiff shell monocotyledon. False fruit, ovate or cumulus, with remnants of the cup on top, red or yellow, with starchy flesh and hard stone. Insect pollination; propagation by seeds.
In the fossil state of this genus are  established the following taxa: S. aff monogyna Jacq. - Leaf prints (Podgumer - Sofia, Pliocene) and C. integrifolia Palam.- leaf prints (Brejani - Blagoevgrad, Pliocene).
Economic importance. Numerous species of the genus Crataegus (200 - in temperate zones of the Northern Hemisphere) are used for different purposes. Fruits for food, sauces, and also for a sweetened bread. Decoction of the leaves, bark and roots stained various tissues in maroon and yellow. Briers of the wood is solid, reddish or yellowish, very thick, but can be used for the preparation of small wooden products. Some species are used in horticulture - padding in grafting pears, quince, medlar, apple.
In the past are imported in Bulgaria and tried growing several foreign species. In the Botanical Garden of the University of Sofia, in the former part of it (in a group), now called "Doctor's Garden" were kept following: Crataegus coccinea L. and C. flabellata Lge. - from Atlantic North America, C. rivularia Nutt. - from the pacific North America, C. tanacetifolia Pers. - from Asia Minor. All four species are relatively well developed,  emerged as very large shrubs, flowering and fruiting, but about 20 years ago have their almost complete eradication . In the park near the town. Krichim grown a large specimen of C. crus-galli L., which provides abundant and ripe fruit.

Table for determining the types
1. Young twigs and leaves (top), blossom stwms and a calyx dish (hipantiya) naked or rare face cloth. Only one bar, in rare cases of diffirent ........... blossoms – two ……. …………………………...............................................………………. 1. Common hawthorn - C. Monogyna Jacq.
1* Young twigs and leaves, blossom stwms and a calyx dish (hipantiya) covered with dense hairs or felt-like. Bars 3 - 5 .................... ................ 2.
2. Leaves with 3 - 7 broad, semicircular, improper saw-tooth shares. Petiole 10 - 30 mm in length. Blossoms 10 - 15 mm in diameter. Fruits black ...................................................................................... …………………….…………… 2. Black Hawthorn - C. pentagyna Waldst, et Kit.
2* Leaves 3 - 7 narrow, elongated and pointed units. Petiole 2 - 10 mm in length. Blossoms 15 - 20 mm in diameter. Fruits red . 3. Oriental hawthorn - C. laciniata Ucria

From:  „Флора на НР България, том V, БАН, София, (1973)”

References:  „Флора на НР България, том V, БАН, София, (1973)”

Distribution in Bulgaria: (Conspectus of the Bulgarian Vascular Flora) = conspectus&gs_l= Zlc.
Distribution:

SPECIES:

Crataegus monogyna Jacq. - Common hawthorn or Single-seeded hawthorn.

 

 E-mail: krnanev@gmail.com                                                                                                                  © K.Nanev