Genus Scabiosa L. Fam: Dipsacaceae
Genus: Scabiosa L.
English Name: Pincushion flowers, Scabious
Description:Herbaceous plants with opposite leaves. Baskets with pieces of shell; scaly bracts; outer calyx with 8 longitudinal grooves or 8 dimples, located to the top, and membranous collar, inner cup with 5 bristles. Corolla with 5 shares. Peripheral blossoms larger.
1. Leaves tesnolineyny, entire; creamy color ...................................................................................... S. rhodopensis Stoj. et Stef.
1*. The leaves are narrow and not entire ....................................................................................................................................... 2.
2. Outer cup with 8 dimples at its upper end, and sometimes ribs between them and a wide collar ................................................ 3.
2*. The outer cup with longitudinal ribs, but no dimples at the upper end (rarely 8. webbed windows) ............................ ................ 9.
3 Perennial plants with yellow, rarely with bluish colors. Peri¬fernite colors significantly larger than the other ............... (9) S. ucranica L.
3*. Annuals …………………………………………….......................................................................…………………………. 4.
4. Peripheral blossoms in baskets significantly larger than the other …….............................................................................……... 5.
4*. Blossoms equally large ............................................................................................................................................................. 6.
5. Plant with soft gray hair. The shares of lower leaves lanky wedge-cut. Collar of the outer calyx with teeth. Setae on the inner calyx 4 times longer than the outer collar. Lilac color ...................................................................... (10) S. hispidula Boiss.
5*. Plant with bristly hair. Leaf linear units. Collar of the outer calyx with little awns. Setae on the inner calyx six times longer than the..... outer . Inten¬zivno color purple …………………………………………………..................……... (11) S. cosmoides Boiss.
6. Leaves intact or the upper with a 1 - 2 partitions. Bristles of the inner calyx barely longer than the collar of the outer. Collar with 30 - 36 veins and half longer than the tube ................................................................................ .. (12) S. rotata MV
6*. Middle stem leaves pinnate always. The bristles of the inner calyx 2 or more times longer than the collar. Collar with 20 - 24 veins.... and not longer than tube ...................................................................................................................................................... 7.
7. Blossoms yellow ............................................................................................................................................... (9) S. ucranica L.
7*. The blossoms red .................................................................................................................................................................. ... 8.
8. Shells in fruits grow and become significantly longer than the fruiting heads ............................................................ (14) S. sicula L.
8*. Shells in the fruits does not grow and are not longer than fruiting heads ..................................................... (13) S. micrantha Desf.
9. The collar of the external calyx wrapped inside and curly serrated. The tube toward his upper end has 8 thin-membranousi windows ............................................................................................................................................................................. (7) S. maritima L.
9* Collar rights; tube without webbed windows ........................................................................................................................... 10.
10. Blossoms purple or violet ...................................................................................................................................................... 11.
10*. Yellowish blossoms (see., also S. columbaria L. var. petkovii Ur.) ...................................................................................... 12.
11. Bristles on the inner calyx to its base without narrow webbed boards issued without dorsal edge. Stem and leaves in all the more..... cases fibrous ................................................................................................................................... .... (5) S. columbaria L.
11*. The bristles to the base of. inner calyx with narrow membranous edges and ridge. bare stem, leaves or naked ciliates ..................... ....................................................................................................................................................................(6) S. lucida Vill.
12. The lower stem leaves once feather-like cut or lyra-like .......................................................................................................... 13.
12*. Lower stem leaves 2 or 3 times feather-like cut, with short, narrow linear small units ................................................................ 14
13. Leaves with a soft, almost like silk hair ………..…............................................................................…… (4) S. webbiana Don.
13* Leaves with rare hairs or bare .................................................................................................................... (3) S. ochroleuca L.
14. Leaves at the base (lower, Receptacles) just like feather cut. Bristles on the inner calyx dark brown, twice longer than the collar of the outer calyx ..................... ……………………………………….................…………………… (1) S. silaifolia Vel.
14*. Basal leaves 3 times feather-like cut. Bristles on the inner calyx pale brown, 3 - 5 times longer than collar . (2) S. triniaefolia Friv.
2662. (1). S. sllalfolla Vel. (Biennial plants) - In the dry rocky and stony places; more often in the western parts of the country (1). VII - VIII.
2663. (2), S. triniaefolia Friv. (S. t var. Ufhelyl Penzes) (Biennial plants) - In the dry and stony places; South and Southwest Bulgaria and Struma valley (1). VI - IX.
var. triniaefolia - leaves short downy. Slips of papers, that wrap inflorescence on its top without setae. More often.
var. setigera Panč. - Leaves covered with hooked bristles. Slips of papers that cover the inflorescence on top with straight setae. Around village Rila.
2664. (3). S. ochroleuca L. (Biennial to perennials) - In grassy places Wide spread (1 - 2). VI - IX. (E, M). Fig. 1360,
ssp. ochroleuca - Leaves usually with bristles. Setae on the inner; calyx 2 - 3 times longer than the outer collar.
var. Ochroleuca - Basal leaves intact or lira-like. Peripheral blossoms in the basket strongly enlarged. Setae on the inner calyx brown. Widespread.
var. danubialis (Vel.) Stoj. et Stef. (S. o. L. ssp. d. Vel.) - Basal leaves pinnate. Small baskets, with slightly enlarged peripheral blossoms. Setae on the inner calyx brown - f. danubialls (Danube Valley) or blackish f. rhodopaea (Vel.) (S. o. L. ssp. r. Vel.) - Rhodopes, Pirin, Slavianka mountains. This form represents the transition to the next subspecies.
ssp. balcanica (Vel.) Stoj. et Stef. (S. b. Vel., S. o. Var. rilaensis Rech. fil.) - Leaves naked. Setae blackish inner calyx 4 times longer than the collar of the outer calyx. In the high meadows of the Western Balkan Mountain, Vitosha and Rila mountains.
2665. (4). S. webbiana Don (Perennual plants) – In the mountain meadows and rocks. Middle Rhodopes, Slavianka, Pirin mountains. (2). VII - IX.
2666. (5). S. columbaria D. (Biannials to perennials) - In grassy places in the mountains (1 - 3). VII - IX. Fig. 1361.
ssp. columbaria - Stems simple or with few, short branches. Lowest leaves lira-like feather-like separated, stem leaves almost twice pinnate, with linear-lanceolate segments 2 - 5 mm in clear width, lower - with long spreading hairs, above naked. The setae of the calyx 3 - 4 times longer than the collar.
var. columbaria - Stem 50 - 100 cm tall, branched, leaved. Blossoms blue-violet. Middle and upper leaves naked. Widespread.
var. banatica (W. K.) Hayek (S. b. WK) - Stem 50 - 100 cm tall, branched, leaved. Red-purple blossoms. Fibrous leaves, Southwestern Bal¬gariya.
var. petkoffii Ur. - Stem simple, unbranched, 3 - 15 cm high, with only one basket leafless. All leaves basal, feather-like separated. The blossoms red, blue or yellow. Central Balkan Mountain, “Средна гора” mountain.
ssp. gramuntia (L.) Rouy et Fouc. (S. g. L.) - Stem 50 - 80 cm high, branched from the middle, with long branches, with one basket. Basal leaves lira-like and feather-like separated, finely fibrous, stem double or triple pinnate, with linear segments 1 - 2 mm in clear width. The setae of the calyx 2 - 3 times longer than the calyx or absent. In Bulgaria only var. agrestis (W. K.) Rouy et Fouc. (S. a. WK) - Kyustendil, Radomir.
ssp. velenovskyana (Borb.) (SV Borb., S. dubia Vel. non Moench) - small stems, 15 - 30 cm tall, usually unbranched. Lower leaves oblong- shovel-like, serrated, stem pinnate, all densely fibrous. The setae of the calyx 5 - 6 times longer than the calyx. Southwestern Bulgaria Rhodopes.
2667. (6). S. lucida Vill. (Perennial plants) - In alpine meadows, rocky meadows and bushes in Central and Western Balkan Mountain., Pirrin Rila mountains. Indicate and Ossogovo mountain. (3). VI - IX.
2668. (7). S. maritima L. (Biennial plants) - Quite rare, on grassy and sandy places. Coast near Balchik and .Kavarna, south of Bourgas Bay, in the valley of the river. Rezvaya and Veleka (Strandja Mountain) and Topolovgrad (Sakar Mountain) (1). VII - IX.
2669. (8). S. rhodopensis Stoj. et Stef. (Perennial plants) - On limestone rocks in the Rhodope Mountains (1). VI - VIII. Fig. 1362.
2670. (9). S. ucranica L. (Biannuals to perennials) - In grassy places, especially in the eastern parts of the country in the lowlands and foothills (1). VI - IX.
var. ucranica (S. thracica Vel.) - Wrapping leaves long as blossoms or shorter; f. ucranica - bare stem or at the bottom fiber; fitting fibrous leaves. available; f. pilosa (RS) Hayek (S. p. RS) - The stem and leaves spread bristly. Rouse , Gotse Delchev, Petrich regions, Slavianka Mountain.
var. eburnea (S. S.) Beguin. (S.e. SS) - Wrapping leaflets much longer than blossom. Stem nearly naked. In the Northeastern and Southeastern Bulgaria.
2671. (10). S. hispidula Boiss. (Annual plants) - In the dry grassy places. In the northeastern and southeastern Bulgaria, Strandja, Thrace, Eastern Rhodopes and Struma valley (Petrich) (1). VII - IX.
2672. (11). S. cosmoides Boiss. (Annual plants) - In grassy places in Haskovo and Harmanliy regions (1). VII - IX.
2673. (12). S. rotata MV (Annual plants) - In the dry grassy places; quite rare in the northeastern and southeastern Bulgaria, Thrace, Eastern Rhodopes, SW Bulgaria (Golo Bardo) and Struma valley (1). VI - VIII.
2674. (13). S. micrantha Desf. (Annual plants) - dry stony places. Mainly in the eastern and southern parts of the country (1). VII - IX.
2675. (14). S. sicula L. (Annual plants) - In the dry grassy places in Eastern Rhodope mountain, Struma valley (Melnik) (1). VI - VIII.
Note .: S. bicolor Ky. Indicating wrong for Bulgaria; S. Caucasica M. C. (Perennial plants) - with large purple blossoms; bred as ornamental plant. Caucasus homeland.
References: „Флора на България”, Н. Стоянов, Б. Стефанов, Б. Китанов, част II, Наука и Изкуство, София, (1967)
Distribution in Bulgaria: (Conspectus of the Bulgarian Vascular Flora) = conspectus&gs_l= Zlc.
Distribution:
SPECIES:
Scabiosa ochroleuca L. - Cream scabious
Scabiosa triniifolia Friv. - - - -
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