Genus Tragopogon L.
Fam: Asteraceae (Compositae)
Genus: Tragopogon L.
English Name: Salsify or Goatsbeard,
Description:
Biennial or annual plants with linear or lance entire leaves. Large basket, usually single, located on the tops of branched stems. The sheath consists of series petals, that essentially are partially fused together. The blossoms are usually yellow or pink, rarely red. Fruits long, with shorter or longer neb. Kite of the fruit composed of a row pinnate setae, which at its base are fused together.
1. Blossoms (at least the outermost ) purple or pink .......................................................................................................................................................... 2 .
1*. The blossomrs yellow ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 4 .
2. Fruit with five strong protruding ribs; beak deep grooved ..................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................................................... (3) T. pterodes Panč.
2*. Fruit not winged ribs (the latter strongly convex and serrated) ………............................................................................................................................ 3.
3. Leaves linear or filamentary; stem at the base cotton fiber; All fruits covered with squama-shaped - styliform increases ....................... (2) T. balcanicus Vel.
3*. Leaves wider; stem at the base naked or almost naked; innermost fruits naked without or almost without increses . .............................. (1) T. porrifolius L.
4. Stems and leaves covered with long soft fibers ............................................................................................................................................................... 5.
4*. Stem and leaves bare or nearly bare .............................................................................................................................................................................. 6.
5. The beak of the outermost fruits half longer than the fruit itself ………...................................................................................... (6)Т.tommasinii Sch.-Bip.
5*. Beak of the outermost fruit shorter or at most equal to the length of the fetus.................................................................................. (4) T. stribrnyi Hayek.
6. Leaves narrow, slightly dilated at the base, bluish-green ………...................................................................................... (8) T. samaritanii Heldr. et Sart.
6*. Leaves grass green, lance and wider, at the base covering the stem ……..............................................................................................................…….. 7.
7. Stems of the inflorescence under the basket strongly thickened .......................................................................................................... (5) T. dubius Scop.
7*. Stems of the inflorescence under the baskets are not thickened ........................................................................................................... (7) T. pratensis L.
(1). T. porrifolius L. (Biennial to perennial plants) Poits for on the slopes of the Balkan mountain in Southeast and North Bulgaria, Thracian Plain, and Eastern Rhodope Mountains and Southwest Bulgaria (1).
(2). T. balcanicus Vel. (Biennial plants.) In dry and stony slopes, of the whole Balkan mountain and in many places in the Southwest and Southeast Bulgaria,... .Rhodope Mountains, Eastern Central mountain forest, southern Pirin and Slavianka (1 - 2). VI - IX.
(3). T. pterodes Panč. (Biennial plants.) -In the same places as the previous species, but mainly on chalky soil. It is found on the southern slopes of the western Balkan Mountains and in southwestern Bulgaria (Dragoman „Чепън”, Lyulin mountain and elsewhere) (1). V - VII.
(4). T. stribrnyi Hayek (T. brevirostre Vel. Non DC., T. elatior auct. Nom Stev.) (Biennial plants.) - From the vineyards and grassy places in the Black Sea Coastal (at Emine), the Thracian Plain (Popovitsa village - Plovdiv region), the slopes of the Rhodope Mountains above Asenovgrad and some places in southwestern Bulgaria (1). V - VIII.
(5). T. dubius Scop. (T. majus Jacq.) (Biennial plants) – On dry grassy and stony places. It occurs quite often in Bulgaria (1). V - VIII. (X). Fig. 1503.............
var. dubius - Leaves 2 - 5 cm wide. The husk during flowering 3 cm, in fruit to 7cm long. Stems strong bold its peak , wider than the husk. Widespread.
var. campestris (Bess.) Stoj. et Stef. (T. c. Bess.) - Leaves 1 - 2 cm wide. The husk in blossoms 2 cm, in fruit up to 5 cm long. Stems less bold, on top narrower than the basket. Often.
(6). T. tommasinii Sch.-Bip. (Biennial plants) - Indicate for Sofia-, Kazanlak-, Veliko Tarnovo- and Svishtov regions (1)........................................................
(7). T. pratensis L. ( Biannual to perennial plants) – grow on dry grassy and stony places. It occurs quite often in Bulgaria (1). VI - VIII. (X)..........................
In Bulgaria var. orientalis (L.) Garcke ( T. o. L., T. rumelicus Vel.) – The husks of the baskets a third shorter than the blossoms; last orange yellow.
(8). T. samaritanii Heldr. et Sart. (Biannual plants) – They grow on dry stony places; in Foothill belt. Found only in southwestern Bulgaria (Lyulin mountain,.. „Княжево”, Svoge, Lakatnik, Konyavska mountain and Tran) (1) . VI - VII.
References: „Флора на България”, Н. Стоянов, Б. Стефанов, Б. Китанов, част II, Наука и Изкуство, София, (1967)
Distribution in Bulgaria: (Conspectus of the Bulgarian Vascular Flora) = conspectus&gs_l= Zlc.
Distribution:
Tragopogon dubius L. - Western salsify, Western goat's-beard, ...
Tragopogon pratensis L. - Meadow Salsify, Showy goat's-beard, ...
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