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Lithospermum officinale L.
Lythospermum officinale L., Sp. Pl., ed I (1753} 32; Hayek. Prodr. Flora Penins. Balc. II (1928) 81; R. Fernarides, Fl. Eur., III
(1972) 86 – Птиче просо
Fam: BORAGINACEAE JUSS.
Genus: LITHOSPERMUM L.
Species: Lithospermum officinale L.
English Name: Common Gromwell or European Stoneseed, Gromwell, grummel
Description:
It is a native, roughly hairy, stiffish, branched, perennial herb growing up to 1m.Flowers are on leafy spikes, 3-6mm across and ranging in colour from yellow-cream to greenish-white. Leaves are lanceolate (sometimes ovate), up to 7cm long, with strong lateral veins. Fruits are hard, shiny white nutlets. Its leaves are eaten by the caterpillars of the moth Ethmia pusiella.
Common gromwell grows on limey soils in grassland, hedgerows and the edges of woods, and on rocky ground, scree and quarries. It may be decreasing.
Flowering Time: April - June
Origin: „Флора на НР България”, том IX, БАН, София, (1989)
Distribution in Bulgaria:
These plants grow on dry grassy and stony places, on balks, around roads as well in plains as in mountains in all appropriate floristic regions in Bulgaria. They be found from sea level up to 1500 m altitude. Conspectus of the Bulgarian Vascular Flora = conspectus&gs_l= Zlc
Distribution:
Europe, Mediterranean, South- West Asia, Caucasus, Japan – China region. It is carry over onto North America.
Conservation status and threats: not protected species in Bulgaria by theBiodiversity Law. Законодателство на Република България: Закон за биологичното разнообразие
Medical plant http://lex.bg/laws/ldoc/2134916096
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