Silene vulgaris (Moench) Garke Fam: Caryophyllaceae Juss.
Genus: Silene L.
Species: Silene vulgaris (Moench) Garke
English Name: Bladder campion
Description:Calyx with 5 tabs and 10 - 30 stripped petals linear claw; at the base of their lamina typically has knots, that form a crown; 3 bars; box at the base 3-well open at the top with 6 lugs. Seeds rough. * * * 2. Calyx swollen like a bubble. ............................................................................................................................................................................ .. 3
3. Calyx with 20 longitudinal veins ......................................................................................................................... .. ... S. vulgaris (Moench) GarkeSilene vulgaris (Moench) Garcke (Behen v. Moench, S. venosa Aschers., S. inflata Sm.) (Perennial plant) - In the hills, among bushes, in meadows and others. Common (1 - 3). VI - IX. Fig. 449. 1. ssp. vulgaris - Stems erect or just basically accumbens. Rhizome not converted into tree; inflorescence with more than 3 blossoms................. 2.
1*. ssp. alpina Sch. et Kell. (S. inflata II. prostrata Gaud.) - Rhizome woody; lying stems, 10 - 20 cm long. Inflorescence of 1 - 3 blossoms;........ corolla without crowns. Balkan mountain., Rila.
2. Leaves naked or only sill ciliates ................................................................................................................................................................... 3.
2*. Leaves with fiber surface; var. pubescens Giirke (Cucubalus aritelopum Vest.) - In the mountains (1000 - 2300 m). Western Balkan, Middle. Sredna Gora mountain, Rila, Pirin, Slavyanka mountains.
3. Calyx at fruit 1.5 - 2 cm long ..................................................................................................................................................... ................ 4.
3 *. Calyx at fruit 0.6 - 1.2 cm long: var. microcalyx Beck - Stanke-Dimitrov region...............................................................................................
4. Leaves lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, 3 - 12 cm long and 4 cm wide .......................................................................................................... 5.
4*. Leaves narrow-lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, 3 - 8 cm long and 0.3 - 1 cm wide, parallel edges; var. glareosa (Jordan) Marsden-Jones et...... Turrill (S. g. Jordan, angustifolia auct. Fl. Bulg. vix Guss,) - Less than previous forms and more common in the western parts of the country, in the foothills.
5. Calyx with a clear network of veins; petals with crowns. Leaves 1 - 2.5 cm wide: var. vulgaris.........................................................................
Besides widespread typical form is found in Bulgaria more: f. colorata (Hampe) Hayek (S. inflata, var. c. Hampe) - corolla pink-red (Slavyanka) and f. carpatica Zap. - Blossoms larger; calyx to 2 cm long, with purple streaks. Lamina of the corolla up to 8 mm long. Rila mountain (Musala peak).
5*. The calyx streaks unclear; corolla without crown. Leaves 2 - 4 cm wide: var. commiitata Gurke (S. inflata var. balcanica Vel.). Distributed..... mainly in foothills and mountains; Rila (2200 m), the Rhodopes mountains.
Note .: S. zawadskii Herb. - Indicate to Bulgaria.„Флора на България”, част I, Н. Стоянов, Б. Стефанов, Б. Китанов, НИ, София, (1966) Silene cucubalus (L.) Wibel, Prim. - Bladder campion Silene cucubaius (L.) Wibel, Prim. FL Werthem. (1799)241; Rohrb, Monogr. Silene (1868)84; Cucubaius behen L., Sp. Pl.ed. 1 (1753) 414, non Silene behen L.; S. inflata (Salisb.) Sm., Fl. Brit. (1800) 467; Vel., Fl. Bulg. (1891)61; F.N. Williams, Journ. Linn. Soc. XXXII (1896)47; Cucubaius inflatus Salisb., Prodr. (1796) 302; S. venosa (Gilib.) Aschers., Fl. Brand. II (1859) 23; Стоян. Стеф., Фл. Бълг. изд. 1, I (1924) 373; Cucubaius venosus Gilib., Fl. Lith. II (1781) 165; S. vulgaris (Moench) Garcke, Fl. Deutschl. ed. 9 (1869) 64; Hayek, Prodr. Fl. Penins., Balc. 1, (1924) 256; Chater et Walters, FL Eur. 1(1964) 168; Behen vulgaris Moench, Meth. (1794) 709; Cucubaius latifolius Mill., Gard. Diet, ed. 8 (1768) No 2, 3 et 4; S. latifolia (Mill.) Rendle et Britton, List Brit Seed PL (1907) 5 — Обикновено плюскавиче Perennial, 20 - 110 cm high. Stems single or several, erect, rarely lying, flat, bare or pubescent. Leaves often 8 pairs, entire, lanceolate, ovate lanceolate, ovate or heart-shaped back ovate, 2 - 12 cm long and 0.8 - 4.5 cm wide, on top pointed or blunt, lower stems with short handles or all seated, often surround the upper half with the stem base. inflorescence tip is symmetrical or asymmetrical dihaziy, 10 - 45 cm long. Blossoms hermaphrodite or female sterile stamens. Calyx broadly ovate to broadly cylindrical, 8 - 20 mm in length, naked, with 20 highly anastomosed veins or with obscure stripped fetal away from him or only rarely to its widest part loosely adherent. Petals white, rarely pink; extended claw back ovoid, linear or wedge, naked, on top rounded, slightly protruding above the calyx; plate deep binary, with wedge-shaped to ovoid back shares, at the base without crown. Stamen stems naked. Pistils goal, ledges 3 (4). Fruit box spherical to cylindrical or conical, 6 (8 - 10) 6-8 upright or inverted spread teeth, in the lower part with three nests, with an opening wide 1.9 – 3 mm. Karpoforo goal, 2 - 4 mm long. Seeds kidney, 2 - 1.6 mm in length, with warts; warts with tapered or rounded tip. Note. S. cucubalus (L.) Wibel is highly polymorphic species. Variations are observed in shape, size and hairiness of leaves in the structure of the inflorescence, in blossom (unisexual or bisexual) in location of veins and size of the cup-shaped petals, the length of Karpoforo and especially to the fetus box and sculptural formations on the surface of seeds. In Bulgaria the the species is represented by a large number of fixed hereditary traits. Most of them have endemic character. Intraspecific taxonomy of S. cucubalus not been studied, which impedes correct identification of our forms. For now, it is considered that Bulgarian forms refer to subsp. vulgaris (Gaud.) Hayek and subsp. commatata (Guss.) Hayek.
Erroneously indicated for Bulgaria Stoyanoff and Stefanoff (1933) subsp. angustifolia (Guss.) Hayek, var. carpatica Zapat., var. microcalyx Beck and f. colorata Hampe.„Флора на НР България”, том III, БАН, София, (1967) Author's Note: When looking at Internet Silene cucubalus, open multiple sites is entitled as Silene vulgaris. In the majority of them, the English name is bladder campion.
Flowering Time: Blooms: V - VII (IX).
References:„Флора на България”, част I, Н. Стоянов, Б. Стефанов, Б. Китанов, НИ, София, (1966) „Флора на НР България”, том III, БАН, София, (1967)
Distribution in Bulgaria: In overgrown with weeds, grassy, rocky places and cliffs. Spread throughout Bulgaria, from sea level to 2550 meters. (Conspectus of the Bulgarian Vascular Flora) = conspectus&gs_l= Zlc.
Distribution: Europe, Asia. Transferred to North Africa
Conservation status and threats: not protected species in Bulgaria by theBiodiversity Law. Законодателство на Република България: Закон за биологичното разнообразие
Medical plant: - it is not - http://lex.bg/laws/ldoc/2134916096
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Silene vulgaris 1. Silene vulgaris 2. Silene vulgaris 3. Silene vulgaris 4. Silene vulgaris 5.
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