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Vicia cracca L.
4 - 7 group. V. cracca. Perennials. Stem to 200.0 cm high. Symmetrically feather-like leaves on top with tendril. Sheets 5 - 20 pairs. Stipule entire. Blossoms 8 - 40 in cluster-like panicles longer than axillary leaf. Calyx teeth are uneven. Corolla 8.0 - 18.0 mm long. The plate of the flag equal to or longer than the nail. Beans goal with 4 - 8 seeds.
Note. V. cracca, V. tenuifolia, V. incana and V. dalmatica form highly polymorphic group incompletely understood taxonomic relationships. Main traits are the flag of the blossom and the ratio of plate to the nail of the same (conf. Ball, 1968; Roussi, Ann. Bot. Fenn. 10. 1973).
1 Corolla 8.0 - 12.0 mm long, violet or blue-violet to white. The plate of the flag virtually equal to nail .............................................................. 2
1* Corolla (10.0) 12.0 - 18.0 mm long, purple, bluish purple or bluish pink. The plate of the flag longer than nail ................................................. 3
2 The stem naked or covered with lying hairs. Lower teeth of the calyx more or less equal to the tube ........................ 4 Tufted vetch - V. cracca L.
2* The stem densely spread fiber. Lower teeth up to 1.5 times longer than the tube ................................................... 5. x x x - V. incana Gouan
3 The leaflets 2.0 - 6.0 mm wide, linear Lancet ......................................................................................... 6. Bramble vetch - V. tenuifolia Roth
3* The leaflets 1.0 - 2.0 (2.5) mm wide, linear to filamentary …...................................................................... 7. Elegant tare - V. dalmatica Kern.
Fam: Leguminose Juss. (Fabaceae)
Genus: Vicia L.
Species: Vicia cracca L.
English Name: Tufted vetch, Cow vetch, Bird vetch, Blue vetch, Boreal vetch
Description:
Perennial. Stem 30.0 -150.0 (200.0) cm high, erect or ascending, climbing, simple or branched, polygonal, with longitudinal ribs 2.0 - 3.0 mm thick, bare-fitting or short fiber. Symmetrically feather-like leaves on top with long branched tendril. Sheets (5) 10 - 12 (20) pairs from 5.0 - 30.0 mm long and 1.0 - 6.0 mm wide, 0.5 - 1.0 mm long fibrous stalks, linear to elongate ovate, tip blunt, short or pointed or taper, green, bare top, absently densely fibrous fitting, bottom more or less densely fibrous, entire. Stipule 5.0 - 8.0 (10.0) mm long, uniform, usually splitted or goals, rarely lobed, prolongated lanceolate to linear, with no dark spot, entire, fiber to impact naked. Blossoms 10 - 30 in dense cluster petals, attached in the bosom of the leaves, located in the upper part of the stem, longer than the axillary leaf clusters fiber axis. Blossom handles 1.0 - 2.0 (3.0) mm long, off-standing fibrous to almost naked. Calyx 5.0 - 7.0 mm long, bell similar in almost regular basis or slightly asymmetrically swollen, fitting fiber to almost naked more or less by mid bilabial; teeth unequal, the above broadly triangular, shorter than the tube, the lower triangular styliform more or less equal to the tube. Corolla 8.0 - 12.0 mm long. Flag 5.0 - 7.0 mm wide, elliptical ovoid in the middle very narrow, short wide nail, plate much longer than the nail, during flowering curled up on top of deep incisions, longer than the wings and keel, violet or blue-violet, naked. Wings extended elliptical shovel like, basically a large elongated appendage, narrowed in thin long claws longer than the boat, violet to pale, naked. Keel ovoid diamond at the base with a broad, long nails, violet, naked. Beans 1.5 - 2.5 cm long and 4.0 - 6.0 mm wide, extended Lancet in prolonged rhombic, on top prolongated tucked, short, flattened, brown, naked, with 4 - 8 seeds. Seeds 2.5 - 3.5 mm in diameter, lenticular cumulus, gray-green to dark brown, dark spotted a blackish, smooth; scar of 1/3 - 1/4 of the circumference of the seed.
From „Флора на НР България”, том VI, БАН, София, (1976)
Vicia cracca (tufted vetch, cow vetch, bird vetch, blue vetch, boreal vetch), is a species of vetch native to Europe and Asia. It occurs on other continents as an introduced species, including North America, where it is a common weed. It often occurs in disturbed habitats, including old-fields and roadside ditches.
The plant is fast-growing and flowers prolifically, sending out 10 to 40 flowered one-sided racemes cascading pea-flower shaped purple to violet flowers from the leaf axil during its late spring to late summer flowering period. The flowers are mostly visited by bumblebees;[2] when the flowers drop off and tiny bright green seed pods 10–20 mm long, start to form.[3] Cow vetch is very similar to hairy vetch (Vicia villosa), but is distinguished from the latter by its smooth stem.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Flowering Time: Blooms: (VI) VII - VIII (IX).
References: „Флора на НР България”, том VI, БАН, София, (1976), Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Distribution in Bulgaria: From the grassy areas and scrub, in the plains and mountains. Wide spread, until around 2000 meters altitude. (Conspectus of the Bulgarian Vascular Flora) = conspectus&gs_l= Zlc.
Distribution: Eurasia.
Conservation status and threats: not protected species in Bulgaria by the Biodiversity Law. Законодателство на Република България: Закон за биологичното разнообразие
Medical plant: Yes, it is - http://lex.bg/laws/ldoc/2134916096
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