Allium ursinum L. A. ursinum L. Sp. PL ed. 1 (1753) 300; Hayek Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc. Ill (1933) 49 — Мечи лук, левурда Fam: Liliaceae Hall.
Genus: Allium L.
Species: Allium ursinum L.
English Name: Amsons, Buckrams, Wild garlic, Broad-leaved garlic, Wood garlic, Bear leek or Bear's garlic
Description:
Perennials. Single bulb, oblong, about 1 cm thick, covered with a veil, teased parallel fibers. Stem 15 - 40 cm tall, trammel, It is covered at the base of leaf sheaths. Leaves 2, shorter than the stem with elliptical lanceolate, pointed and bare lamina, almost suddenly narrowed to handle, long 5 - 20 cm. The involucre incorrect, composed of 2 - 3 pointed roofing sheets, equal length of the hood and hair loss in the blossoming. Inflorescence semi-spherical, not numerous blossoms, straight hood. Blossom handles equal between them, the same or from 1.5 - 2 times longer than perianth, rough or smooth, at the base without bracts. Perianth stellated, with white, linear lanceolate, blunt or pointed, 8 - 10 mm long notes. Stamens with styliform handles, 1.5 - 2 times shorter than perianth. Pistil is shorter than perianth banister and headed stigma. Fruit box is globular trammel, with pretty heart-shaped curved back shares, triplicate wells, with a seed in each well. Seeds rounded, red.
Economic significance. Bulb and leaves are used as a vegetable in a fresh state or in the form of pickles and cooking. Contains essential oil, iodine and other substances, and therefore found usage in folk. and official medicine. Prices as honey plant, giving abundant nectar and pollen collected by bees. Beautiful ornamental plant, suitable for shady places.
From: „Флора на Народна Република България”, том II, БАН, София, (1964 )
Allium ursinum – known as ramsons, buckrams, wild garlic, broad-leaved garlic, wood garlic, bear leek or bear's garlic – is a wild relative of chives native to Europe and Asia.[2] The Latin name is due to the brown bear's taste for the bulbs and its habit of digging up the ground to get at them; they are also a favourite of wild boar. In Europe, where ramsons are popularly harvested from the wild, similarity to poisonous plants regularly leads to cases of poisoning.[3]
Allium ursnium flowers before deciduous trees leaf in the spring, filling the air with their characteristic garlic-like scent. The flower stem is triangular in cross-section and the leaves are broadly lanceolate similar to those of the lily of the valley (Convallaria majalis). Unlike the related Allium vineale (crow garlic) and Allium oleraceum (field garlic), the umbel contains no bulbils, only flowers.[4]
Allium ursinum is widespread across most of Europe.[5] It grows in deciduous woodlands with moist soils, preferring slightly acidic conditions. In the British Isles, colonies are frequently associated with bluebells (Hyacinthoides non-scripta), especially in ancient woodland. It is considered to be an Ancient Woodland Indicator (AWI) species.[6]
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Flowering Time: Blooms: IV - VI
References: „Флора на Народна Република България”, том II, БАН, София, (1964 ), Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Distribution in Bulgaria: It grows in the shady mountain forests almost throughout in Bulgaria. Mainly above 1000 m. altitude. (Conspectus of the Bulgarian Vascular Flora) = conspectus&gs_l= Zlc.
Distribution: In Atlantic parts of Western Europe, Central and Northern Europe, the Danube valley, Balkan and Apennine Peninsula, the European territory of the USSR, the Caucasus.
Conservation status and threats: not protected species in Bulgaria by the Biodiversity Law. Законодателство на Република България: Закон за биологичното разнообразие
Medical plant: yes it is - http://lex.bg/laws/ldoc/2134916096
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