Erythronium dens-canis L. Е. dens canis L. Sp. PI. ed. 1(1753)305; E.maculatam Lam Fl. Frang. III (1778) 286; Hayek Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc. 111(1933)72— Самодивско цвете, крив дядо, кучешки зъб, конски зъб Fam: Liliaceae Hall.
Genus: Eerythronium L.
Species: Erythronium dens-canis L.
English Name: Dog's tooth violet or Dogtooth violet
Description:
Perennial plants. Bulb elongated, ovoid cylindrical, white, with a thin light brown shell, allows side subsidiaries bulbs. Stem high 10 - 20 (30) cm. Leaves 2, almost opposite, basal, ovate elliptical, ovate lanceolate, broadly lanceolate to elongated, narrowed to the base in the grip, with vagina, covering the stem, top glossy, matt or bluish green, usually with brown black spots with a mosaic view. Blossoms are usually single, rarely 2, top, bent down. Perianth bell-shaped, with 6 petals lanceolate to 4.5 cm long, sharp and up to 1 cm wide, first approximated later spread, and then above the base of the ovary abruptly curved outwardly (like cyclamen), pink or light purple, rarely white or purple red, at the base with yellow or orange-brown spot, the internal with one uvula and honey hole. Stamens about 2 times shorter than perianth petals, with white stems, somewhat shorter than the anthers, which are leaden to blue. The bar to 1.5 cm long, usually to clear tripartite summit. Box back ovoid, with blunt edges, seeds tight, with very small germ.
Note. In our country (Bulgaria) this species is usually with pink or light purple blossoms. At various places there are single plants with white flowers. But around Radovtsi village, Dryanovo region meet massive specimens with white blossoms. (Information and materials St. Dimitrov.) In Pirin mountain, above Bansko, about tourist home "H Vaptsarov", about 1450 meters altitude in the coniferous forests are very plants with purple red blossoms.
From: „Флора на НР България”, БАН, том 2., София, (1964)
E. dens-canis L. (perennial plants.) - From the forests and bushes. Mostly on mountain slopes; rarely reaches alpine (Rila). Meeting in the whole mountain, incl. and foothills, across southwestern Bulgaria, Rila, Pirin, Slavyanka, Western and Middle Rhodopes (1 - 3). III - IV. (E) Fig. 273.
From: „Флора на България”, част I, Н. Стоянов, Б. Стефанов, Б. Китанов, НИ, София, (1966)
Flowering Time: Blooms II - V, mainly III - IV.
References: „Флора на НР България”, БАН, том 2., София, (1964), „Флора на България”, част I, Н. Стоянов, Б. Стефанов, Б. Китанов, НИ, София, (1966)
Distribution in Bulgaria:
Grow Through deciduous forests and shrubs, rarely in mixed and coniferous forests on siliceous and calcareous rock. It occurs mainly in foothill and mountain slopes almost all of Bulgaria, most often between 600 - 1200 meters altitude, sometimes at lower places. Varna (Literature), Turnovo, Sevlievo, Vratsa, Pazardjik, Plovdiv, Rila rarely reaches the alpine (Literature). In Eastern Bulgaria and some of the southwestern parts of the country are less common. (Conspectus of the Bulgarian Vascular Flora) = conspectus&gs_l= Zlc.
Distribution: Occurs in much of Europe without the southern and northern parts of northern Portugal and Spain, Carpathian Ukraine, the Balkans (Croatia, Dalmatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Albania, Macedonia).
Conservation status and threats: not protected species in Bulgaria by the Biodiversity Law. Законодателство на Република България: Закон за биологичното разнообразие
Medical plant: it is not - http://lex.bg/laws/ldoc/2134916096
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