Euphorbia amygdaloides L.
1979 (16). Е. amygdaloides L., Sp. Pl. ed. 1 (1753) 463; Boiss. in DC., Prodr. IV, 2 (1862) 170; Fl. Or. IV (1879) 1136; Hayek, Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc. I (1924) 129; Rössler, Beich. Bot. Centr. LXII (1943) 131; Прох., Фл. СССР XIV (1949) 453; Smith et Tutin, Fl. Eur. II (1968) 226; E. sylvatica L., op. c. 463; Jacq., Fl. Austr. IV (1776) 39; t. 375; Exs. F. E. R. B. S. No. 102 I, II, III; No. 429 No. 1002; F. C. E. No. 151; F. H. E. No. 337; F. R. E. No. 441 — Горска млечка
Fam: Euphorbiaceae Juss.
Genus: Euphorbia L.
Species: Euphorbia amygdaloides L.
English Name: Wood spurgeDescription:
Perennial plant. Stems numerous, 20 - 70 (-90) cm high, recumbent at the base, upright, densely brown fibrous, almost naked or completely bare, green, often reddish to dark purple, with 2 - 12 (25) lateral flowering branches . Stem leaves: basal on thin, long (up to 20 mm) petioles, pointed wedge-shaped at the base, oblong-ovate or oblong-lance, pointed or rounded at the apex, entire, more or less particularly fibrous or glabrous below, dark green , sometimes reddish, soft to almost leathery, 8 - 50 (-70-130) mm long and (5-) 7 - 20 (-30) mm wide; the leaves of the peduncles sessile, drained at the base, back lance, oblong, back ovate, pointed or obtuse or on short (up to 2 mm) petioles, at the base expanding, ovoid-elliptical; all soft, yellow-green or green, more or less fibrous or glabrous, entire. Top flowering branches (3-) 5 (6 - 11), 2 - 6 cm long, at the top 2 (- 4) times bipartite; at the base of the branches with 1 fruiting cyatium. Inflorescence leaves 5, back ovate-rhombic, weakly hearth-shaped at the base, entire, obtuse or indistinctly pointed, glabrous, green, 10 - 25 mm long and 12 - 25 mm wide. Bracts rounded-kidney-shaped, obtuse or slightly incised at the apex, two, more than half fused into a round, slightly sunken, covering the flowering branches panicle (rarely loose), glabrous, yellow green to yellow during flowering, subsequently green, 6 - 15 mm long and 12 - 25 mm wide (1.5 - 2 times wider than long). Perianth broadly bell-shaped, almost sessile, glabrous or scattered silky fibrous, 2.0 - 2.2 mm long and 2.2 - 2.8 mm wide, the shares elongated wedge-shaped, inside with thick, silvery hairs; glands 4, properly crescent-shaped, yellow, 1.8 - 2.4 mm long and 0.9 - 1 mm wide, drained into thin, long (0.6 - 1 mm), sometimes split horns at the apex. The box on the handle is up to 1.2 mm long; spherical, 3.2 - 3.4 (4) mm long and (2.5) 4.1 - 4.6 mm wide, deeply three-part, the shares of the back broadly rounded; smooth, naked; the styles 1.1 - 1.5 mm long, only fused at the base, from the top of 1/3 bipartite. Seed oblong-ovate, short drained at the apex, 2.6 - 3.0 mm long (without appendage (2.0) 2.5 - 2.9 mm), 1.8 - 2.1 mm wide and 1.6 - 1.9 mm thick, posterior seed surfaces rounded convex, anterior flat or slightly sunken; dorsal edge indistinct, lateral and anterior edge unexpressed; the cross section is unevenly elliptical; the chalaz is clearly outlined, sunken; hilus zone triangular, strongly concave; the seam is narrow, dark, grooved; gray to lead gray or gray black; the surface is smooth, matte or shiny, the fine structure is fine-grained; appendage warty, wedge-shaped in front, yellow.
Volatility
1 Plant more or less densely fibrous; stem leaves especially below more or less densely fibrous .................. var. amygdaloides; E. amygdaloides f. diffusa Posp., Fi. Coast. I (1897) 101, p. p .; E. amygdaloides var. typical Fieri, New. Fl. Ital. II (1926) 187. Distributed.
1* Plant completely bare; stem leaves on both sides bare ....................................................................................................................... 2
2 Stem leaves of flowering parts of short peioles, suddenly expanding at the base, elliptically back-ovate or elliptically ovate, up to 60 mm long and 25 mm wide ................... .............. var. persenkea Podp., Verh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien VII (1902} 674; E. amygdaloides var. oreites Hayek, op. C. 130 p. p. Pirin (Banderitsa), Western Rhodopes (peak Persenk.).
2* Stem leaves of flowering parts drained at the base, oblong, oblong-ovate or oblong-scapular, obtuse, shorter and narrower ....……… 3
3 Plant low, up to 25 cm high; stem leaves small; apical flowering twigs shortened, up to 20 mm long, lateral flowering twigs few or absent ........................ var. oreites Beck, Ann. Hofm. IX (1895) 198; Glassnik XXXII (1920) 97, pro f .; E. amygdaloides f. racemosa Posp., Fl. Küst. I (1897) 101; E. amygdaloides var. pirinicola Stoj. Izv. Naturalist. Inst. XIV (1941 (164. Slavyanka (Parilski dol), Pirin) (Vihren, local Suhodolsko).
3* Plant 40 - 60 cm high; basal stem leaves wedge-shaped back ovate; lateral flowering branches numerous (up to 10 - 15); apical flowering branches elongated, up to 60 mm long; the horns of the glands usually spread ............................... var. chaixiana (Timb. -Lagr.) Boiss. in DC., op. c. 170; Hayek, op. c. 130; E. chaixiana Timb. -Lagr., Obs. Herb. Chaix. (1847) 72. Vitosha region (Vitosha, near the Kominite locality), Slavyanka (Parilski dol), Pirin (Vihren hut, Motorok peak, Popovi livadi, Gotse Delchev peak, Pirin hut), Western Rhodopes (Beglika locality) ).From: „Флора на Н. Р. България”, том VII, Издателство на БАН, София, (1979)
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Euphorbia amygdaloides L. is an accepted name
This name is the accepted name of a species in the genus Euphorbia (family Euphorbiaceae).
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Euphorbia amygdaloides f. purpurata (Coss. & Germ.) Oudejans
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Tithymalus amygdaloides (L.) Garsault [Invalid]
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From: http://www.theplantlist.org › tpl1.1 › record › kew-78308
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Euphorbia amygdaloides Lam. is a synonym of Euphorbia nicaeensis All.
This name is a synonym of Euphorbia nicaeensis All. .
From:Euphorbia amygdaloides L. — The Plant List
Synonyms: · Characias amygdaloides (L.) Gray · Esula amygdaloides (L.) Haw. · Esula sylvatica (L.) Haw. · Euphorbia amygdaloides subsp. amygdaloides ...
You visited this page on 3/29/21.
http://www.theplantlist.org › tpl1.1 › record › kew-78307* * * * *
Flowering Time: Blooms: III - VI, fruitful: V - VIII.
Distribution in Bulgaria: Growing in forests and bushes, in plains and mountains, in the communities of Quercus conferta, Q. cerris, Q. pubeseens, Q. dalechampii, Phyllirea latifolia, Carpinus orientalis, C. betulus, Acer pseudoplatanus, A. campestre, Populus tremula, Fagus sylvatica , F. orientalis, Ulmus campestris, Juniperus communis, Abies alba, Pinus sylvestris, Castanea sativa. Widespread, from sea level to 2400 m altitude. (Conspectus of the Bulgarian Vascular Flora) = conspectus&gs_l= Zlc.Distribution: Western, Central and Southern Europe, Mediterranean, Southwest Asia, Caucasus.
Conservation status and threats:
not protected species in Bulgaria by the Biodiversity Law. - Biological Diversity Act - http://eea.government.bg/bg/legislation/biodiversity/zbran_22.08.15.pdf
Fam. Euphorbiaceae Juss. is protected in Bulgaria by the Biodiversity Law. - Biological Diversity Act - http://eea.government.bg/bg/legislation/biodiversity/zbran_22.08.15.pdfMedical plant: it is not - Medicinal Plants Act - http://eea.government.bg/bg/legislation/biodiversity/ZLR_en.pdf
References: „Флора на Н. Р. България”, том VII, Издателство на БАН, София, (1979),
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