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Euphorbia virgata Waldst. et Kit.

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Euphorbia virgata Waldst. & Kit. is a synonym of Euphorbia esula subsp. tommasiniana (Bertol.) Kuzmanov

This name is a synonym of Euphorbia esula subsp. tommasiniana (Bertol.) Kuzmanov .
The record derives from WCSP (data supplied on 2012-03-23 ) which reports it as a synonym (record 82765) with original publication details: Descr. Icon. Pl. Hung. 2: 176 1805 publ. 1803.
From:  
http://www.theplantlist.org › tpl1.1 › record › kew-82765

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Fam:   Euphorbiaceae Juss.
Genus:   Euphorbia L.
Species: Euphorbia virgata Waldst. et Kit.
English Name: Upright milk

Description:

Euphorbia virgata W. et K. - Изправена млечка

Leaves linear to lance, ± асвкшеа, longer than 3 cm. Perennial plant. 20 - 80 cm, In moist cartilaginous places and by rivers. All of Bulgaria, except the Western Border Mountains, Belasitsa, Slavyanka, DM, the Rhodopes (middle, eastern), Strandzha. Distributed up to 1000 m above sea level. Blooms: V - VI .......................................................................................................................................... Upright milk - * E. virgata W, et K.

Reference:   “ОПРЕДЕЛИТЕЛ НА РАСТЕНИЯТА В БЪЛГАРИЯ”, Димитър Делипавлов, Мария Попова, Иван Ковачев, Димитър Терзийски, Иван Чешмеджиев, Димо Граматиков, Изд. ЗЕМИЗДАТ, София, 1983

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Euphorbia virgata Waldst. et Kit.

Volability

1    Lateral flowering branches 8 - 20; stem leaves obtuse or slightly incised, lanceolate, broadly ovate or obovate; apical flowering twigs usually 8 - 17 ............... ....................................................................................................................... subsp. esula. It is not found in our country.
1* Lateral flowering twigs usually 2 - 12; stem leaves pointed, linear to lance; apical flowering twigs usually 5 - 9 .................................................................... subsp. tommasiniana (Bertol.) Nyman, Consp. (1881) 652; E. tommasiniana Bertol, Fl. Ital. (1842) 78; Euphorbia virgata Waldst. et Kit., Pl. Rar. Hung. II (1803-4) 176, p. 162; Boiss. in DC., Prodr. XV, 2 (1862) 159; Fl. Or. IV (1879) 1126; Vel., Fl. Bulg. (1891) 507; Suppl. I (1898) 251; Stoyan. Steph., Fl. Bulgarian ed. 1, II (1925) 726; Nauek, Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc. I (1924) 181; Rössler, Beich. Bot. Center. LXII (1943) 726; Proh., Fl. USSR XIV (1949) 443; Kuzm., Izv. Bot. inst. BAN XII (1963) 159, non Desf. Distributed within the species ………………........................................................................................................................................……….... 2

From:   „Флора на Н. Р. България”, том VII, Издателство на БАН, София, (1979)

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Euphorbia virgata, commonly known as leafy spurge, wolf's milk leafy spurge, or wolf's milk is a species of spurge native to Europe and Asia, and naturalized in North America, where it is an invasive species.[1]

Description

It is a herbaceous perennial plant growing to 1-1.2 m tall, with several stems branched from the base. The stems are smooth, hairless, or slightly hairy. The leaves are small, lanceolate, 4-8.5 cm long and up to 1 cm broad, with a slightly wavy margin. The flowers are small, produced in umbels with a basal pair of bright yellow-green petal-like bracts. Clusters of the bracts appear in late spring, while the actual flowers do not develop until early summer. All parts of the plant contain a toxic white milky sap.[4][5]
It reproduces readily like by seeds that have a high germination rate and may remain viable in the soil for at least eight years.[6] The seed capsules open explosively, dispersing seed up to 5 m from the parent plant, and may be carried further by water and wildlife. Leafy spurge also spreads vegetatively from the root system, which is complex, reported to reach 8 m into the ground and 5 m across, and may have numerous buds.[7][8][9]
There are two subspecies and a hybrid subspecies:[2][4]

Confusion with Euphorbia esula

It has commonly been confused with Euphorbia esula, a species no longer considered a permanent component of the North American flora. Euphorbia esula is restricted to certain parts of Europe and not considered a weedy species, while E. virgata is found throughout the United States and Canada and has caused significant economic and ecological impacts.[1] E. virgata is best distinguished from E. esula by its leaves, which are 6-15 times longer than wide with margins that are (near-)parallel at the middle of the blade, while E. esula leaves are wider toward the tip, usually 3-8 times longer than wide, with margins that are not parallel at the middle of the leaf. In addition, the apex of E. virgata is usually acute and the base is truncate to attenuate, while the apex of E. esula is rounded or subacute and the base is more gradually attenuate or cuneate.[1] Mentions of E. esula in the North American flora and invasive species literature are now referred to E. virgata.

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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Euphorbia virgata W. K. –

1749. (20) E. virgata W. K. Perennial plant. - In wetlands and bushes, mainly along rivers; less often along damp ditches along roads and as weeds, mainly in the lowlands. It is found throughout Northern Bulgaria, here and there in Western Bulgaria and in the Struma Valley, the Thracian Plain, the Middle Rhodopes, Southeastern Bulgaria. It grows up to 1000 meters above sea level. Blooms V - VI. (T) FIG. 893

Var. virgata - The stem is simple or with short branches. Stem leaves linear-lance to narrowly lance, pointed, widest at the base or in the middle
(f. virgata), or at the base narrowed, drained, widest towards the middle or above it (f. esulifolia Tell.). Widespread.
Var. orientalis Boiss. - The stem is strongly branched. Stem leaves oblong, rounded at the apex, 6 - 8 cm long and up to 10 mm wide. Widespread.

From:   „Флора на България”, Н. Стоянов, Б. Стефанов, Б. Китанов, том II, Изд. „Наука и Изкуство”, София, (1967)

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Flowering Time: Blooms: V - VI, Blooms: V - VI, fruitful: VI - VII.

Distribution in Bulgaria: All of Bulgaria, except the Western Border Mountains, Belasitsa, Slavyanka, DM, the Rhodopes (middle, eastern), Strandzha. Distributed up to 1000 m above sea level.,
Growing in grassy places and bushes, adventitiously along roads, railways, uncultivated areas or weeds in the fields, often on calcareous terrain in the communities of Cynodon dactylon, Andropogoti ischaemum, Agropyrum repens, Agrostis vulgaris, in the plains and the lower mountain belt. Distributed, with the exception of the Western Border Mountains, Belasitsa, Slavyanka, Pirin, the Mesta River Valley, the Middle and Eastern Rhodopes, Strandzha, from sea level to 900 m altitude. (Conspectus of the Bulgarian Vascular Flora) = conspectus&gs_l= Zlc. (Conspectus of the Bulgarian Vascular Flora) = conspectus&gs_l= Zlc.

Distribution: Europe (excluding the northern parts), Central and South-West Asia.

Conservation status and threats:
not protected species in Bulgaria by the Biodiversity Law. - Biological Diversity Act -    http://eea.government.bg/bg/legislation/biodiversity/zbran_22.08.15.pdf
Fam. Euphorbiaceae Juss. is protected in Bulgaria by the Biodiversity Law. - Biological Diversity Act -    http://eea.government.bg/bg/legislation/biodiversity/zbran_22.08.15.pdf

Medical plant: it is not - Medicinal Plants Act - http://eea.government.bg/bg/legislation/biodiversity/ZLR_en.pdf

References:

“ОПРЕДЕЛИТЕЛ НА РАСТЕНИЯТА В БЪЛГАРИЯ”, Димитър Делипавлов, Мария Попова, Иван Ковачев, Димитър Терзийски, Иван Чешмеджиев, Димо Граматиков, Изд. ЗЕМИЗДАТ, София, 1983,

„Флора на Н. Р. България”, том VII, Издателство на БАН, София, (1979),

„Флора на България”, Н. Стоянов, Б. Стефанов, Б. Китанов, том II, Изд. „Наука и Изкуство”, София, (1967),

Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

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