Genus Anemone L.
Род 300 (13). СЪСЪНКА - ANEMONE L.¹
L., Sp. Pl. ed. 1 (1753) 538; Gen. Pl. ed. 5 (1754) 241.
Fam: Ranunculaceae Juss.
Genus: Anemone L.
English Name: Pasqueflower, WindflowerDescription: Perennial herbaceous plants with well developed rhizome. Leaves palpably shared or feathery, on stems; the partitions are shared, jagged or entiere. Flowers single or in top cinquefoil inflorescence, bisexual. The perianth viscous, from 5 - 15 white or differently pink dyed leaves. The stem leaves 3, far away from the blossom or flowers, unlike the calyx, a little too much similar to the basal. The stamens are numerous; nectarines are missing. The blossom bed conical, convex. The carpophore complicated - composed of numerous, short fibrous, long fibrous or naked fruit. Fruit summed up - made of nuts. Insect-polinating. Propagate with seeds and vegetative.
Table for determining of the species
1 The fruit-bearing nude. Blossoms 3 - 8, rarely 1 - 2. Stem leaves commonly found at the base of the inflorescence .............. 4. - A. narcissiflora L.
1* The fruit-bearing short or long fibrous. Blossoms single, rarely 2. Stem leaves very distant from the blossoms ........................................................ 2
2 The fruit-bearing short fibers ................................................................................................................................................................................ 4
2* The fruit-bearing long fibers ................................................................................................................................................................................. 3
3 The stem leaves with long stems, deeply palatable devided. The flowers are white. Perisnth leaflets 5, under white woolly. The anthers yellow; the style short. Rhisome cylindrical …………... ......................................................................................................................................... 5. - A. sylvestris L.
3* The stem leaves sitting down, entire. Blossoms bloody red, often with yellow-colored base, violet or pink-purple flowers with a faded base; blue anthers. The perianth leaflets (7) 8 - 9 (12), the bottom of the veins or the middle stripe are densely adherent, shortly fibrous. The styles long. The rhizome tuberous, spindly ovoid ............................................................................................................................................................. 6. - A pavonina Lam.
4 The perianth leaflets below bare ........................................................................................................................................................................... 5
4* The perianth leaflets below fiber ........................................................................................................................................................................... 6
5 The rhizome tuberous, ovate spindle, vertically. Blossoms blue, rarely white or pink. The leaves below the purple ....................... 3. - A. apennina L.
5* The root long cylindrical, horizontally. The blossoms are white or pinkish, rarely purple or blue. Leaves below green .................. 1. - A. nemorosa L.
6 Yellow blossoms .............................................................................................................................................................. 2. - A Ranunculoides L.
6* Blossoms blue, rarely pink or white ........................................................................................................................................... 3. - A. apennina L.¹ Developed by B. Kuzmanov.
From „Флора на НР България”, том IV, БАН, София, (1970)
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Anemone /əˈnɛməniː/ is a genus of about 200 species of flowering plants in the family Ranunculaceae, native to temperate zones. The genus is closely related to Pulsatilla ('Pasque flower') and Hepatica; some botanists even include both of these genera within Anemone.
Description
Anemone are perennials that have basal leaves with long leaf-stems that can be upright or prostrate. Leaves are simple or compound with lobed, parted, or undivided leaf blades. The leaf margins are toothed or entire.
Flowers with 4–27 sepals are produced singly, in cymes of 2–9 flowers, or in umbels, above a cluster of leaf- or sepal-like bracts. Sepals may be any color. The pistils have one ovule. The flowers have nectaries, but petals are missing in the majority of species.
The fruits are ovoid to obovoid shaped achenes that are collected together in a tight cluster, ending variously lengthened stalks; though many species have sessile clusters terminating the stems. The achenes are beaked and some species have feathery hairs attached to them.[3]
Anemone are called "wind flowers." Anemone is derived from anemoi who were the Greek wind gods.Taxonomy
Anemone is situated in the tribe, Anemoneae, subfamily Ranunculoideae, of the Ranunculaceae family.[4] As considered in the broader sense (sensu lato) the genus subsumes a number of previously independent genera including Hepatica, Pulsatilla, Knowltonia, Barneoudia and Oreithales.[5] Several of these were included as separate genera within Anemoneae by Wang et al., a tribe with six genera in total.[4]
Early molecular analyses divided into the genus into two subgenera (Anemonidium and Anemone), with seven sections, and 12 informal subsections.[6] Ziman and colleagues (2008) treated the genus Anemone as 5 subgenera, 23 sections, 4 subsections, 23 series and about 118 species.[7] A further reclassification by Hoot and colleagues (2012) estimated 200 species.[5]
Hoot et al. found many of the previously defined subdivisions, based on morphological characteristics were polyphyletic or paraphyletic. In contrast two clearly defined monophyletic clades emerged corresponding to the above two subgenera. Anemonidium demonstrated four subclades, corresponding to sections. The larger subgenus Anemone showed a similar pattern.From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Anemone
The genus Anemone is in the family Ranunculaceae in the major group Angiosperms (Flowering plants).
From “The Plant List” www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Ranunculaceae/Anemone/* * *
References: „Флора на НР България”, том IV, БАН, София, (1970), Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, “The Plant List” www.theplantlist.org/browse/A/Ranunculaceae/Anemone/Distribution in Bulgaria: (Conspectus of the Bulgarian Vascular Flora) = conspectus&gs_l= Zlc.
Distribution:
SPECIES:
Anemone narcissiflora L. - Narcissus anemone or Narcissus-flowered anemone
Anemone nemorosa L. - Wood anemone, Windflower, Thimbleweed, and Smell fox
Anemone ranunculoides L. - Yellow anemone, Yellow wood anemone or Buttercup anemone
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