Genus Clematis L.
Род 303 (16). ПОВЕТ, ПABET — CLEMATIS L.¹
L., Sp. PL ed. 1 (1753)543; Gen. PI. ed. 5(1754)242.
Fam: Ranunculaceae Juss.
Genus: Clematis L.
English Name: Virgin's-bowerDescription: Perennial plants with erect, creeping climbing, grassy or tree stems. The leaves are opposite, simple, triple or complicated feathers, sitting or with different long, usually wrapping around the support stems. Blossoms usually bisexual, correct, top or cheekbones, single or collected in petty inflorescences. Perianth leaflets are mostly 4 (rarely 5, 6 or 8), fading or long-lasting, white, blue or purple. Nectarines are missing. Normally without staminodiums. The stamens are numerous, usually shorter than the perianth leaflets, often with an enlarged stamen stem, naked or with hairs. The carpels are numerous, forming a assembled pistil. The ovaries with one seed patch. Fruits harvested, composed of walnuts, fibrous or rarely naked, usually with a long, covered with hairs, a mature style, retained strand. Insect pollinating. Propagate with seeds and vegetative.
Business significance. Representatives of the genus are poorly poisonous; some are honey; are also grown as decorative.
Table for determining the species *
1 Not climbing plants with herbaceous or rarely only in the base with stiff stems ........................................................................................................ 2
1* Climbing plants with stiff stems .............................................................................................................................................................................. 3
2 Leaves simple. Blossoms usually single, rarely 2 - 3, dark violet. The walnuts broadly swollen at the end .................................. 5. - C. integrifolia L.
2* Leaves complex, non-double pinnate; blossoms collected in broom-like inflorescences, milky white. Nuts without bumps at the end ... 3. - C. recta L.
3 Blossoms with spatula stamindies. Perianth leaflets blue ........................................................................................................ 6. - C. alpina (L.) Mill.
3* Stamindies missing ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 4
4 Blossoms single, dark violet or violet red; stamens several times shorter than the perianth leaflets ................................................... 4. - C. viticella L.
4* Blossoms collected in broom-like inflorescence, white or greenish. The stamens are slightly shorter than the perianth leaflets .................................... 5
5 The leaves simple feather-like. Perianth leaflets with a thick white coating ...................................................................................... 2. – C. vitalba L.
5* Leaves double feather-like; the perianth leaflets naked, only on the outside on the edge with a narrow, loose strip ....................... 1. - C. flammula L.* Family characteristics and species determination table have been developed by Iv. Penev.
¹ Developed by M. Markova.
From „Флора на НР България”, том IV, БАН, София, (1970)* * *
Clematis[pronunciation note 1] is a genus of about 300 species[6] within the buttercup family Ranunculaceae. Their garden hybrids have been popular among gardeners,[7] beginning with Clematis × jackmanii, a garden standby since 1862; more hybrid cultivars are being produced constantly. They are mainly of Chinese and Japanese origin. Most species are known as clematis in English, while some are also known as traveller's joy, a name invented for the sole British native, C. vitalba, by the herbalist John Gerard; virgin's bower for C. viticella; old man's beard, applied to several with prominent seedheads; leather flower for those with fleshy petals; or vase vine for the North American Clematis viorna.
Etymology
The genus name is from Ancient Greek clématis, ("a climbing plant"). Over 250 species and cultivars are known, often named for their originators or particular characteristics.
Botany
The genus is composed of mostly vigorous, woody, climbing vines / lianas. The woody stems are quite fragile until several years old.[7] Leaves are opposite and divided into leaflets and leafstalks that twist and curl around supporting structures to anchor the plant as it climbs.[7] Some species are shrubby, while others, like C. recta, are herbaceous perennial plants. The cool temperate species are deciduous, but many of the warmer climate species are evergreen. They grow best in cool, moist, well-drained soil in full sun.[8]
Clematis species are mainly found throughout the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, rarely in the tropics. Clematis leaves are food for the caterpillars of some Lepidoptera species, including the willow beauty (Peribatodes rhomboidaria).
The timing and location of flowers varies; spring-blooming clematis flower on side shoots of the previous year's stems, summer/fall blooming clematis bloom only on the ends of new stems, and twice-flowering clematis do both.[7]
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia* * *
References: „Флора на НР България”, том IV, БАН, София, (1970), Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaDistribution in Bulgaria: (Conspectus of the Bulgarian Vascular Flora) = conspectus&gs_l= Zlc.
Distribution:SPECIES:
Clematis Flammula L. - Frgrant virgin’s bower
Clematis vitalba L. - Old man's beard and Traveller's joy
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