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Semi-shrubs, perennials and annuals, nude or in varying degrees fibrous plants with simple and glandular hairs. Leaves triple, on the top or in the upper half serrated, most often back ovoid, heart-back wedge or wedge-shaped base, with stipule; average leaflet with stem, the other two sessile or much shorter stems. The flowers most often yellow, rarely bluish, purple or green, single or much in the cluster, elongated racemes or cumulus. Flowers with inflorescences leaves and short floppy stems, rarely almost sessile. Calyx pipy bell-shaped, with linear lanceolate to styliform almost identical in length and 5 teeth veins reaching the top of the teeth. Flag straight or curved in the upper. part, most often longer than other non-ferrous parts, naked or short densely fibrous, with little noticeable fan-branches and darker colored streaks on the dorsal side; the bar filamentary, naked and included with stamens into the keel; stigma almost headed; stamens twin brother. Beans crescent, straight, discoid, barrel-shaped, cylindrical, rarely reniform, often twisted around its axis in the form of loose or tight spiral, the individual side surfaces with mesh-shaped or concentric network of filaments. Seed one to many, often separated from each other with hymen barriers, kidney or incorrect elliptical to almost triangular, with belly button scar on facing the base of the beans.
Cross-pollinated or self-pollinating plants. Propagated by seed. Mirmekohoriya are annual plants.

Note. In multi basic mechanisms of speciation is polyploidy and chromosomal rearrangements, while annual - chromosomal rearrangements. The origin of the form of pods of annual closely related to increasing the number of windings and thickening of the walls of the cylinder, sickle or multiannual right beans. Consequently, it is a complication of the vascular system of the beans, manifested by the presence of a dorsal (Table. LII, Fig. Z) and an abdominal (Table. LII, Fig. 1h) streak, who often has a lateral streak (Table. LII, Fig. 1h), which may be near the dorsal vein and then between them forming a deep groove or a substantially lower than it. By abdominal streak to the dorsal develop several to many radial (table. LII, Fig. Hh) makes arc or S-Obed (table. L, Fig. 1h, hh) more or less anastomosed reticular veins that drain side or streak in the side and back. In cases where there is no lateral streak, radial veins flow into a smooth concentric belt and do not reach the dorsal edge or dorsal po¬varhnost of beans. The coils can be provided with a rounded edge, the dorsal vein is stripped under side and is immersed in the tissue or to stand out over the side, or it is on a level with, or lower, but Surfaced in the epidermis; in the second case the dorsal po¬varhnost winding is uleyovidna (table. L, Fig. 4a). In some cases dorsal streak not seen form broad surface on the back of the coil (table. LI, Fig. 2g, 2i). In this and in some other cases, the lateral veins are issued strehovidno the side surface of the coils. The prongs around the edge of the beans are formed from the fusion of the ends of radial veins passing through the side and the dorsal veins and thus are often more or less groove; the top are straight or curved Kukes.

Table for determining the types

1   Corolla blue dove or variegated (yellow and blue) .................................................................................................... * Blue alfalfa - M. sativa L.
1* Corolla yellow to orange ............................................................................................................................................................................ ...... 2
2   Densely long straticulate white fibrous up to white perennial low lying or ascending plants. Veins of the leaflets do not see ..................................................................................................................................................................... 6. Coastal /Sea medic - M. marina L,
2* Naked or moderately fibrous plants, but the fibers of the leaflets in the second case, see  .................................................................................... 3
3  Beans reniform. More than 20 flowers, gathered in compact lemon-yellow, spherical or hemispherical to 5.0 (6.0) mm in diameter clusters prolonging after petal fall ................ ........................................................................................................................................... 1. - M. lupulina L.
3* Beans with another form. Flowers 1 - 12 or more, but then in the extended, larger than 5.0 mm thin clusters ....................................................... 4
4   Beans straight, but twisted or sickle, rarely helical coil 1, but then with a clear hole in in its middle part ..................................... 2. - M. falcata L .
4* Beans spirally wrapped and without a hole in the middle of his, most indented from the front surface ................................................................... 5
5   Blossoms 8.0 - 13.0 mm in length. Leaflets rhombic or broadly ovate, at least 2/3 of the jagged edge ........................... 5. - M. carstiensis Wulf.
5* Blossoms 2.0 - 4.0 (6.0) mm long. Leaflets wedge-shaped, oval, heart-back or back ovoid wedge basis, or narrowly lanceolate in the upper third toothed or entire .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 6
6   Perennial plants with woodend at its base stem. Beans lenticular .............................................................. 3. Rhodope alfalfa - M. rhodopea Vel.
6* Annuals plants. Beans ovoid, spherical, reniform, discoid or cylindrical  ….......................................................................................................... 7
7   Most of the leaflets in the middle of its upper surface with a brown stain. Dorsal vein of the beans seem to double ..... 11. - M. arabica (L.) Huds.
7* All leaflets without spots. Dorsal streak of beans single, often convex or at all lacking ......................................................................................... 8
8    Beans without spines along the edge of the windings ......................................................................................................................................... 9
8* Beans along the edge of the windings at least pronounced warts, usually with well-developed spines ................................................................. 11
9 The coils of beans with sharp dorsal edge (no dorsal vein). The blossoms hanging .................................................. 4. - M. orbicularis (L.) Bartal.
9*  The coils of beans with convex, flat, verrucose or spines dorsal edge. Blossoms erect or spreading .................................................................. 10
10   The stipule entire or only basically jagged. Blossoms (3) 6.0 - 7 (8) of cash. Beans 2.0 - 4.0 mm in diameter ......... 16. - M. minima (L.) Bartal.
10* The stipule deep cut. Blossoms 1 - 2 (4) in number. Beans (3, 5) 4.0 - 7.0 mm in diameter .......................................... 7. - M. rigidula (L.) All.
11  The beans discoid, 5.0 - 9.0 mm in diameter. Radial veins flow into smooth belt along the periphery of the windings. Bracts reddish ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 15. - M. disciformis DC.
11* Beans with another form. The radial streaks end in lateral streak. Bracts yellowish or greenish ........................................................................ 12
12  The stipule entire or only basically imperceptibly serrated ................................................................................................................................ 13
12* The stipule at least of the lower and middle leaves serrated or cut ……………………..........................................................................….... 14
13   Beans 2.0 - 3.0 mm in diameter, cylindrical; windings with broad dorsal surface without dorsal streak. Prongs directed away ................................................................................................................................................................................. 14. - M. coronata (L.) Bartal.
13* Beans 3.0 - 6.0 (7.0) mm in diameter, spherical; windings with dorsal streak, the side of which go angled prongs  ……………………………...................................................................................................…….... 16. SMALL alfalfa - M. minima (L.) Bartal.
14 Beans with sessile or handles glandular hairs or with simple and glandular hairs ................................................................................................. 15
14* Beans goal or simply fibrous ......................................................................................................................................................................... 17
15   Dorsal surface flat or slightly concave. Dorsal streak on a level with the side or slightly sunken. Beans barrel-shaped or rarely almost spherical ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 16
15* Dorsal surface rounded; dorsal vein (if visible) located clearly higher side ……………………..................................... 7. - M. rigidula (L.) All.
16   Beans short fibrous or glandular goal, 7.0 - 8.0 mm in diameter ...................................................................................... 9 - M. constricta Dur.
16* Beans densely covered with protruding glandular and simple hairs 4.5 - 5.5 mm in diameter ...................... 8. Bondev alfalfa - M. Bondevii Kož
17  Radial streaks almost straight, to the top of his dichotomous split. Beans goal .......... .................................... 10. - M. littoralis Rhode ex Loisel.
17* The radial streaks S-Obed or curved, or highly a grid branched. Beans short simple fibrous or glandular ......................................................... 18
18   The radial streaks S-Obed or curved tip to forgive. Blossoms 1 - 2 in number ............................................................................................... 19
18* The radial streaks straight, to the top highly branched net. Blossoms most often 3 - 4 (5)  ............................................ 12. - M. polymorpha L.
19   The radial streaks S-Obed curved. Beans from the face of flat or convex …………………….................................... 7. - M . rigidula (L.) All.
19* The radial streaks arc curved. Beans from the front concave …….......................................................................…........ 13. - M. praecox DC.
¹ developed by St. Kozhuharov.

„Флора на НР България”, том VI, БАН, София, (1976)

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Medicago is a genus of flowering plants, commonly known as medick or burclover, in the legume family. It contains at least 87 species and is distributed mainly around the Mediterranean basin.[2][3] The best-known member of the genus is alfalfa (M. sativa), an important forage crop,[4] and the genus name is based on the Latin name for that plant, medica, from Greek: μηδική (πόα) median (grass).[5] Most members of the genus are low, creeping herbs, resembling clover, but with burs (hence the common name). However, alfalfa grows to a height of 1 meter, and tree medick (M. arborea) is a shrub. Members of the genus are known to produce bioactive compounds such as medicarpin (a flavonoid) and medicagenic acid (a triterpenoid saponin).[3] Chromosome numbers in Medicago range from 2n = 14 to 48.[6]
The species Medicago truncatula is a model legume[7] due to its relatively small stature, small genome (450–500 Mbp), short generation time (about 3 months), and ability to reproduce both by outcrossing and selfing.
Comprehensive descriptions of the genus are Lesinš and Lesinš 1979[8] and Small and Jomphe 1989.[9] Major collections are SARDI (Australia),[10] USDA-GRIN (USA),[11] ICARDA (Syria),[12] and INRA (France).[13
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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References: „Флора на НР България”, том VI, БАН, София, (1976), Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Distribution in Bulgaria: (Conspectus of the Bulgarian Vascular Flora) = conspectus&gs_l= Zlc.
Distribution:

SPECIES:

Medicago lupulina L. - Black medick, Nonesuch, or Hop clover

Medicago sativa L. - Alfalta, also called Lucerne

 

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