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Genus Scabiosa L.

Род 740 (6). САМОГРИЗКА - SCABIOSA L.

L., Sp. PI. ed. 1 (1753) 98; Gen. PL ed. 5 (1754) 43 p. p.

Fam: Dipsacaceae Juss.
Genus: Scabiosa L
English Name: Scabious flowers

Description:

Annual, biennial or perennial herbaceous plants, rarely at the base wooden, with branched, fibrous stems. The leaves are simple or feathery, often collected in non-flowering leaf rosettes, on stems matured in pairs with their bases. Blossoms collected in hemispherical, radial, shaped like heads inflorescences; inflorescence stems long, fibrous; legumental leaflets grassy, located in 1 - 3 rows. The inflorescence bed is hemispherical up to cylindrical, with membranous, on the edge grooves bracts. Flowers with a trumpet, cylindrical, 8-rib outer calyx, on the top without or with 8 pits and expanded into a round or funnel-shaped, crooked toothed crown with numerous, sometimes protruding veins; the inner calyx with a stem, panicked, with 5 solids, in the base mature long beings, rarely poorly developed. Corolla with 5 non-equal shares and short tube, usually longer in the peripheral than in the central flowers in the inflorescence, white, yellow, blue-violet, blue, red, pink, purple. The fruit unobtrusive - fruit fruit included in the outer calyx.

Table for determination of the species

1   The outer calyx along its length with furrows and ribs, without pits .................................................................................................................. 2
1* The outer calyx at the top with 8 pits .............................................................................................................................................................. 9
2   The ribs of the outer calyx expand and merge at its upper edge; the crown with 8 veins………….….............................. 7. - S. atropurpurea L.
2* The ribs of the outer calyx of the same width and do not merge at its upper edge; crown with 12 - 24 veins ...................................................... 3
3   Corolla purple, reddish or violet ……………..…………………………………......................................................................…………….. 4
3* Corolla yellow ……………………………………….……………………......................................................................…………………. 6
4   Stems and leaves bare or only on the edge and veins dilute fibrous …………........................................................................... 8. - S. lucida Vill.
4* Stems and leaves fibrous ...................................................................................................................................................………………….. 5
5   The basal rosette leaves are long, oblong-spalloped, densely fibrous ………………………….………….…… 10. - S. velenovskyana Bobrov
5* The basic rosette leaves ovoid, lance or livers cut, jagged, diluted fibrous …………………..………………….….……… 9. - S. columbaria L.
6   Leaves of sterile rosettes and lower stem leaves 2 to 3 times feathery ………………………........................................... 14. - S. triniifolia Friv.
6* The leaves of the sterile rosettes and the lower stem leaves entire, livers or unilaterally feather-like ...………..………………………………… 7
7   Leaves naked or on the edge with short, scattered hairs …............................................................................... 11. - S. balcanica (Velen.) Velen.
7* Fiber leav………………………………………………................................................................................……………………………….. 8
8   The leaves are densely fibrous to wooly. Peripheral flowers in the inflorescence slightly longer than the others ......…… 13. - S. webbiana D. Don.
8* Leaves diluted to thick fibrous. Peripheral flowers in the inflorescence clearly longer than the others ...…………..….…….. 12. - S. ochroleuca L.
9   Annual plants ………………………………………………………..........................................................................………………………. 10
9* Biennial or perennial plants …………………………...…..…………………………..........................................................................……… 13
10 The corolla of the peripheral flowers in the inflorescence about 2 times longer than the central, yellow, pink-purple spot to the top ........................... …………………...……………...............................................................................................................................……… 6. - S. hispidula Boiss.
10* The corolla of the peripheral flowers in the inflorescence equals or slightly longer than the central, red to pink ..................…………………….. 11
11 The crown of the outer calyx no longer than 5 mm; inner calyx with long stem …………………........………………...…. 3. - S. rotata M. Bieb.
11* The crown of the outer calyx not longer than 3.5 mm; inner calyx with short stem …….............................................................................…… 12
12 The stems ridgy. The envelope leaflets of the inflorescence shorter than it. The crown of the outer calyx with slightly protruding veins, slightly protruding from its edge …….............................................................................................................................................................…. 4. - S. micrantha Desf.
12* Stems round. The envelope leaflets of the inflorescence much longer than it. The crown of the outer calyx with strongly protruding veins, clearly protruding from its edge …………………. ……………………………………………….....………...........…………...… 5. - S. divaricata Jacq.
13   All leaves entire ……………………………............................................................................……………… 1. - S. rhodopensis Stoj. & Stef.
13* Less than the lower leaves 1 - 2 times feather-like ……………............................................................................….……….. 2. - S. argentea L.

From „Флора на Република България” том XI, София, (2013)
FLORA Republicae Bulgaricae, Opus inceptum curu redactoris principalis acad. DAKI JORDANOV, SERDICAE * 2013, Editio Academica “Professor MARIN DRINOV”
Editit tomum XI S. I. Kožuharon et M. E. Ančev
Redactor responsabilis editionis Prof. D. R. Peev, Dr. Sci.

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Scabiosa /skeɪbiˈoʊsə/[1] is a genus in the honeysuckle family (Caprifoliaceae) of flowering plants.[2] Many of the species in this genus have common names that include the word scabious; however some plants commonly known as scabious are currently classified in related genera such as Knautia and Succisa; at least some of these were formerly placed in Scabiosa. Another common name for members of this genus is pincushion flowers.
Description

Some species of Scabiosa are annuals, others perennials. Some are herbaceous plants; others have woody rootstocks. The leaves of most species are somewhat hairy and partly divided into lobes, but a few are smooth and some species have simple leaves. The flowers are borne on inflorescences in the form of heads; each head contains many small florets, each floret cupped in a membranous, saucer-shaped bract. The calyx has five sepals in the form of awns almost as long as the petals. After the flowers have dropped, the calyces together with the bracts form a spiky ball that may be the reason for the "pincushion" common name. The calyx is persistent and remains as a crown on the fruit after it is shed. The corolla has four to five lobes fringing a narrow funnel with a furry throat, the funnel being somewhat longer than the lobes. The florets have four stamens each, set high in the tube, and sticking out. Each fruit has just one seed.
In a few species the heads are sessile but in most species they are borne singly on a tall peduncle.
Scabiosa species and varieties differ in the colours of their flowers, but most are soft lavender blue, lilac or creamy white.

Distribution

Members of this genus are native to Africa, Europe and Asia. Some species of Scabiosa, notably small scabious (S. columbaria) and Mediterranean sweet scabious (S. atropurpurea) have been developed into cultivars for gardeners.
In 1782, a mysterious pale yellow scabious, called Scabiosa trenta, was described by Belsazar Hacquet, an Austrian physician, botanist, and mountaineer, in his work Plantae alpinae Carniolicae. It became a great source of inspiration for later botanists and mountaineers discovering the Julian Alps, especially Julius Kugy. The Austrian botanist Anton Kerner von Marilaun later proved Belsazar Hacquet had not found a new species, but a specimen of the already known submediterranean Cephalaria leucantha.[3]

Ecology

Scabious flowers are nectar rich and attractive to many insects including butterflies and moths such as the six-spot burnet. Scabiosa species are food plants for the larvae of some species of Lepidoptera such as the grey pug moth.[citation needed]

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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Distribution in Bulgaria:(Conspectus of the Bulgarian Vascular Flora) = conspectus&gs_l= Zlc.
Distribution:
References:

„Флора на Република България” том XI, София, (2013)
FLORA Republicae Bulgaricae, Opus inceptum curu redactoris principalis acad. DAKI JORDANOV, SERDICAE * 2013, Editio Academica “Professor MARIN DRINOV”
Editit tomum XI S. I. Kožuharon et M. E. Ančev
Redactor responsabilis editionis Prof. D. R. Peev, Dr. Sci.

Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

SPECIES:

Scabiosa balcanica Velen. - The species has no common names

Scabiosa ochroleuca L._renewed.html- Cream scabious

Scabiosa triniifolia Friv._renewed.html- The species has no common names

E-mail: krnanev@gmail.com

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