Helianthemum nummularium (L.) Mill.
2098 (1). H. nummularium (L.) Mill., Gard. Dict. ed. 8 (1768) № 12; Hayek, Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc. I (1925) 493; Стоян. Стеф., Фл. Бълг. изд. 3 (1948) 782; Proctor et Heywood, Fl. Eur. II (1968) 288; Cistus nummularius L., Sp. Pl. ed. 1 (1753) 527; Heliatithemwn vulgare Gaertner, Fruct. Sem. I (1788)371, tab. 76; Vel., Fl. Bulg. (1891) 49; Стоян. Стеф., Фл. Бълг. изд. 2 (1933) 715; Н. chamaecistus (L.)Mill., Gart. Dict. ed. 8 (1768) № 1; Стоян. Стеф., Фл. Бълг. изд. 1, II (1925) 759; Cistus Helianthemum L., Sp. Pl. ed. 1 (1753) 528; Exs.: Pl. Bulg. Exsicc. № 57 — Обикновен желтак
Fam: Cistaceae Juss.
Genus: Helianthemum Spach
Species: Helianthemum nummularium (L.) Mill.
English Name: Common rock-roseDescription:
Semi bush. Stems 5 - 50 cm high, erect, ascending or lying, most often strongly branched from the base; hardened at the base, dark brown to gray-brown, bare; in the upper parts gray greenish, more or less densely star-shaped fibrous. Stipules 5 - 10 mm long, lance to linear lance; glabrous or more or less densely star-shaped fibrous; along the edge with long simple hairs. Leaves 4 - 25 mm long and 2 - 8 mm wide, oblong, ovate-rounded to back ovoid, broadly lance to linear-lance, pointed to obtuse at the apex, rounded to wedge-shaped at the base; edge flat or slightly curled downwards, green to gray-green above, with more or less dense, close-fitting long simple hairs, sometimes glabrous or densely star-shaped fibrous; below gray to whitish gray, densely stellate fibrous; stalks 2 - 6 mm long, scattered to densely stellate fibrous. Bracts 2 - 5 mm long, lance to linear-lance, pointed, sessile; glabrous or more or less densely star-shaped fibrous; on the edge ciliated. Flower petioles 2 - 15 mm long, with thick, long simple and short star-shaped hairs; at fruiting usually curved downwards. Inflorescences with 3 - 12 flowers, rarely with single apical flowers. Outer sepals 3 - 6 mm long, linear to linear lance; top with a pronounced longitudinal vein, along the edge and along the vein with long, forward-pointing simple hairs; in the rest scattered star-shaped fibrous; naked inside; inner sepals 5 - 10 mm long, oval to ovate, herbaceous; on one side with a membranous, star-shaped fibrous stripe; outside with 4 convex longitudinal veins; between the veins scattered to densely star-shaped fibrous, rarely glabrous, shiny; on the three veins with single or collected several simple hairs, on the vein to the membranous stripe with more or less dense star-shaped hairs; naked inside; erect or embracing the fetus. Petals 6 - 15 mm long, longer than the inner sepals, rounded back ovate to back triangular, rounded at the top, slightly serrated, wedge-shaped at the base; pale yellow to yellow, orange, with a darker spot at the base. Stamens numerous, equal to the style. The ovary with thick, forward-pointing simple hairs; the style 3 - 4 mm long, ascending. The box is 3 - 9 mm long, rounded to ovoid, with thick, forward-pointing short hairs. Seeds 1.5 - 2.0 mm long, multi-walled, brown, finely punctate pitted, sometimes coarsely pitted, glabrous.
Variability
var. nummularium; H. nummularium subsp. vulgarе (Gaertner) Hayek, 1st c .; H. chamaecistus subsp. nummularium (L.) Grosser in Engl., Pflantenreich IV, 193, 14 (1903) 84. The inner sepals between the veins are scattered to densely star-shaped fibrous. Widespread.
Stoyanov and Stefanov (1925) refer the cited specimens of Georgiev (1889) from Sliven and the Trojan Balkans and of Urumov (1912, 1917) from Lovech, Asenovgrad and the Bachkovo Monastery to H. nummulariutn var. skopolii Schneider (= H. discolor var. skopolii Willk.).
var. tomentosum (Scop.) Stoj. et Stef., fl. Bulgarian ed. 3 (1948) 279; H. tiummularium subsp. tomentosus (Scop.) Schinz et Thell. in Schinz et Keller, Fl. Switzerland, ed. 3, II (1814) 249; Hayek, op. c. 494; Proctor et Hey wood, 1st c .; H. tomentosum (Scop. Dunal in DC., Prodr. I (1824) 279; H. chamaecistus subsp. Nummularium var. Tomentosum (Scop.) Grosser, 1. c .; Cistus tomentosus Scop., Fl. Garn. 2 ( 1772) No. 646, Table 24. The inner sepals between the veins, bare, shiny, Middle Stara Planina, Sofia region, Znepol region, Vitosha region, Slavyanka, Pirin, Western and Middle Rhodopes, Thracian lowland. Indicate: H. nummularium var. graecum (Boiss. et Heldr.) Grosser - Slavyanka (Dren., 1934); H. obscurum Pers. - Fore-Balkans (Lovech - Urum., 1897); H. hirsutum (Thuill.) Merat. —Middle Stara Planina. (Ambaritsa - Urum., 1897); H. nummularium f. virescens Beck - Thracian lowland (Karlovo - Urum., 1928); H. nummularium var. micranthum Vel. - Pirin (Vel., 1922); H. nummularium var. discolor (Rchb.) Janch. - Eastern (Sliven) and Central Stara Planina (Troyan Balkan - Georg., 1889); Black Sea coast (mouth of the river, Kamchia - Bornm., 1888); Znepol region (Trun - Urum., 1905); Strandzha (Skrivanek, 1911); H. nummulariutn f. discolor Reichenb. - Fore-Balkans (Lovech —- Urum., 1912); Middle Rhodopes (Bachkovo Monastery - Urum., 1917) and the Thracian Lowland (Asenovgrad - Urum., 1917); H. nummularium f. siabianum Ten. - Pirin (Urum., .1930, 1932).Note. H. nummularium is a highly polymorphic species that is difficult to intraspecific taxonomic classification. Many subspecies, varieties and forms are described, with each epithet changing its status at least once. The organization of our herbarium specimens in two varieties was possible only on the basis of the hairiness of the inner sepals. All other features used by a number of authors in the characterization of intraspecific taxa, such as petal length, leaf shape, absence or presence of simple and star-shaped hairs on the upper leaf surface, etc., vary so much in Bulgarian populations, that it is impossible to take them into account. The karyological study of 21 Bulgarian populations (11 for var. nummularium and 10 for var. tomentosum) showed strongly expressed structural chromosomal rearrangements, correlating with strong morphological differences between the studied populations (Markova, 1975).
From: „Флора на Н Р България”, том VII, Изд. на Б А Н, София, (1979)
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Helianthemum nummularium (known as common rock-rose[2]) is a species of rock-rose (Cistaceae), native to most of Europe.Description
It is an evergreen trailing plant with loose terminal clusters of bright yellow, saucer-shaped flowers. In the flower centre is a tight cluster of orange stamens, which are sensitive to the touch, and spread outwards to reveal the tall stigma in the middle. The plant is common on chalk downs, and occasional in other grasslands, always on dry, base-rich soil. The wild species has yellow flowers, but garden varieties range from white through yellow to deep red.
Though the individual blooms are short-lived, the plant produces a mass of flowers through the summer. It needs a dry, sunny place, like a south-facing rockery or meadow. As the Latin name Helianthemum suggests, these are sun-flowers. This is a good nectar source for bees and there are several species of small beetle that feed on the foliage. Common rock-rose is also the food plant for the larvae of several species of moth and butterfly such as the silver-studded blue (Plebejus argus).
It flowers from May until July.Subspecies
Two subspecies are currently accepted:[1]
- Helianthemum nummularium subsp. kerneri (Gottl.-Tann. & Janch.) Lambinon
- Helianthemum nummularium subsp. nummularium. Widespread.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Flowering Time: Blooms: V - IX. (Table LXXXVIII: Fig. 3, Za, 36, Sv, Zg, 3d, Ze, Zzh; p. 399.)
References: „Флора на Н Р България”, том VII, Изд. на Б А Н, София, (1979), Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Distribution in Bulgaria: Growing in grassy and stony, mostly sunny places, in the plains, foothills and mountains. Widespread, from sea level to 2600 m above sea level. (Conspectus of the Bulgarian Vascular Flora) = conspectus&gs_l= Zlc.
Distribution: Europe (excluding the Far North). Southwest Asia (Asia Minor).
Conservation status and threats: not protected species in Bulgaria by the Biodiversity Law. - Biological Diversity Act - http://eea.government.bg/bg/legislation/biodiversity/zbran_22.08.15.pdf
Medical plant: no, it is not - Medicinal Plants Act - http://eea.government.bg/bg/legislation/biodiversity/ZLR_en.pdf
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