Iris pseudacorus L.
Iris pseudacorus L.
616 (2). I. pseudacorus L. Sp. Pl. ed. 1 (1753) 38; I. lutea Lam. Fl. Franç. III (1778) 496; I. palustris Moench Meth. (1794) 528; Hayek Prodr. FL Penins. Balc. Ill (1933) 123—Блатна перуника
Fam: Iridaceae Lindl.
Genus: Iris L.
Species: Iris pseudacorus L.
English Name: Yellow flag, Yellow iris, Water flag, LeverDescription: Perennial 50 - 150 cm tall plant. Rhizome thick up to 2 cm. The stem tightly on top branched, with 3 - 8 flowers. Leaves widely linear up to 2,5 cm wide, basal shorter or equal to the stem. Bracts lance, with dorsal edge, grassy, at the end tunicates. The flowers with long stems. Perianth tube to two times shorter than the ovary. Perianth leaflets yellow, external to 7 cm long, ovate, in the middle of an orange spot and purple veins, at the base suddenly narrowed into a claw, equal to half of the expanded part. Internal perianth leaflets small, linear, shorter and narrower than the shares of the bar. Fruit oblong oval box, dumb three edge, on top with a short small nose. Seeds flattened.
Economic importance. Suitable for decorative moist places. The flowers and rhizome can get yellow flavin for leather and paper, and with iron salts durable black paint. The plant is harmful to livestock.
From „Флора на НР България”, том II, БАН, София, (1964)
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Iris pseudacorus (yellow flag, yellow iris, water flag, lever[1]) is a species in the genus Iris, of the family Iridaceae. It is native to Europe, western Asia and northwest Africa. Its specific epithet, meaning "false acorus," refers to the similarity of its leaves to those of Acorus calamus, as they have a prominently veined mid-rib and sword-like shape.
t is an herbaceous flowering perennial plant, growing to 100–150 centimetres (39–59 in) (or a rare 2 metres (6 ft 7 in)) tall, with erect leaves up to 90 centimetres (35 in) long and 3 centimetres (1.2 in) broad. The flowers are bright yellow, 7–10 centimetres (2.8–3.9 in) across, with the typical iris form. The fruit is a dry capsule 4–7 centimetres (1.6–2.8 in) long, containing numerous pale brown seeds. I. pseudacorus grows best in very wet conditions, and is often common in wetlands, where it tolerates submersion, low pH, and anoxic soils. The plant spreads quickly, by both rhizome and water-dispersed seed. It fills a similar niche to that of Typha and often grows with it, though usually in shallower water. While it is primarily an aquatic plant, the rhizomes can survive prolonged dry conditions.
Large I. pseudacorus stands in western Scotland form a very important feeding and breeding habitat for the endangered corn crake.
I. pseudacorus is one of two iris species native to the United Kingdom, the other being Iris foetidissima (stinking iris).
It used to grow in the ditch of the fortified city of Mdina, on the island of Malta, where water was readily available, but since the renovation of the ditch it has since vanished from growing in the area.[2]From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Flowering Time: Blooms: V - VI.
References: „Флора на НР България”, том II, БАН, София, (1964), Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Distribution in Bulgaria: Grow in swampy, marshy and wet locations across throughout Bulgaria (below 1000 m altitude). (Conspectus of the Bulgarian Vascular Flora) = conspectus&gs_l= Zlc.
Distribution: Europe, the Mediterranean region, the Caucasus, Asia minor, Western Siberia.
Conservation status and threats: not protected species in Bulgaria by the Biodiversity Law. - Biological Diversity Act - http://eea.government.bg/bg/legislation/biodiversity/zbran_22.08.15.pdf
Medical plant: yes, it is. - Medicinal Plants Act - http://eea.government.bg/bg/legislation/biodiversity/ZLR_en.pdf
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