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Linum capitatum Kit.

Linum capitatum Kit. ex Schult., Oesterr. Fl. ed. 2, I (1814) 528; Boiss., Fl. Or. I (1867) 854; Vel., Fl. Bulg. (1891) 96; Hayek, Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc. I (1925) 561; Ockendon et Walters, Fl. Eur. II (1968) 207; Петрова, Изв. Бот. инст. XXIII (1973) 29; L. flavum var. capitatum (Kit.) Griseb., Spicil. Fl. Rum. Bithyn. I (1843) 116; Vel., Suppl. I (1898) 56; L. flavumsuhsp. capi­tatum (Kit. ex Schult.) Rohlena, Sitzber. Bohm. Ges. Wiss. 1 (1912) 20; Стоян. Стеф., Фл. Бълг. изд. 1, II (1925) 711; L. flavum subsp. elegans auct. Стоян. Стеф., 1. c.; L. elegans auct. Дав., Tp. Бълг. Природоизп. Друж. VIII (1915) 16, поп Sprun. ех Boiss.; L. capitatum f. ciliata Kitan., Изв. Бълг. Бот. Друж. VII (1936) 121; Exs.: PI. Bulg. Exsicc. № 52— Главест лен

Fam:   Linaceae S. F. Gray
Genus:   Linum L.
Species: Linum capitatum Kit.
English Name:

Description:

Perennial. Root well developed, branched, 8 - 40 cm tall, often at the root woodened plants. Sterile stems 1 - 4 cm long with rosette-like situated leaves. Blossom stems 7 - 38 cm long, single or multiple, often at the base arc curved, straight, thick, ribbed, naked, at the base with rosette-like arranged leaves, in the rest part relatively dense leaved, abundance at the base almost leafless during fruiting. Leaves on sterile stems 9 - 69 mm long, 3 - 17 mm in clear width, shovel-like, basically narrowed into a long , thin stem, tip blunt or pointed, at the edge whole, veins 1 - 3. Leaves in the base of the blossom stems 25 - 55 mm long, 5 - 15 mm in clear width, shovel-like to shovek-like lance, narrowed at the base, the tip blunt or pointed; middle leaves 10 - 62 mm long, 2 - 12 mm in clear width, lance, slightly narrowed at the base, sessile or broadly, at the top sharp, edge solid, the upper leaves 6 - 30 mm long, 2 - 7 mm in clear width, lance to linear lance at the base wide seated, the top sharp, edge often long ciliates, close or slightly removed from the stem, veins 1 - 3, all at the base with two small yellow-brown stipule glands. Bracts lance, edge membranous, ciliary. Inflorescences of 3 - 70 blossoms, more or less tight, or loose bulb-like or  bulb-like, top. Blosom stems 1 - 3 mm long, straight , angular,up to fruit to 4 mm. Heterostil blossoms. Sepals 5 - 10 mm long, 1 - 2 mm in clear width almost equal to or slightly exceeding the box, ovate lance, the inner at the tip short, the outer longer tapered edge, glandular ciliate, with one keel-shaped convex in the median nerve. Petals 14 - 24 mm long, 7 - 11 mm wide, 2 - 3 times longer than sepals, reverse ovate, fused at the base and narrowed into a claw, long fingernail tip blunt, orange-yellow. Anthers ovate, yellow. Pedicles at the base fused, yellow; stigma bulb-shaped, dark brown. Box  4 - 6 mm long, 3.5 - 5.0 mm wide, ball-shaped, with short nose. Seeds 2 - 3 mm for long, 1.0 - 1.9 mm in clear width, oblong, yellow-green, matt, when wet not mucilage.

Volatility

1    Inflorescences bulb-shaped ………………………………................................................................................…………………….. var capitatum.
f. capitatum - large plants from lower altitudes . Distributed within species boundaries.............................................................................................
f. minimum Petrova, op. c. p. 31 - small alpine plants. Distributed within species boundaries...................................................................................
1*  Inflorescences loose bulb-shaped. .................................................. ........................................................................................................................ 2.
2   Clusters with long branches. Dark green leaves, sepals 5-8 mm long . . .......................... . var. laxiflorum (Stoj.) Petrova, op. c. p. 31; L. flavum var. laxiflorum Stoj., Год. Soph. Univ. II (1924 ) 138. Distributed within species boundaries.
2*  Clusters with shorter branches. Light green leaves, sepals 9 - 10 mm long ................. var. petkovii Deg. et Dren., Mag. Bot. Lap. XXXIII (1934) 73. Slavianka mountain.

Flowering Time: Blooms: VI - IX, fruitful: VII - IX.

References: „Флора на НР България”, том VII, БАН, София, (1979)

Distribution in Bulgaria: In grassy and rocky places in the mountainous and highland area. Western and Central Stara Planina, Znepole region (Konyavska Mountain) West Frontier Mountains (Osogovska) Slavianka, Pirin , Rila, West and Central Rhodope, from 1000 until around 2200 meters altitude.

Points for Northeast Bulgaria (Shumen, Ilchov Bair - Urum., 1898 ), probably instead of L. tauricum and Vitosha region (Lyulin - Urum., 1929) .