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633 (3). О. coriophora L. Sp. PL ed. 1 (1753) 940; Hayek Prodr. Fi. Pemns. Balc. Ill (1933) 386 — Дървеницов салеп

Orchis coridphora L.

Wanzen-Knabenkraut

Beschreibung: Pflanze zierlich bis mittelgroß, 12 - 50 cm hoch. Stengel aufrecht und dünn. Laubblätter 4 - 10, die meisten am Grunde rosettig gehauft. Die Grundblätter schmal und lanzettlich, zugespitzt, 5 - 15 cm lang und 0,8 - 2,0 cm breit, gefaltet und ungefleckt. Nach oben folgen 2- bis 4 scheidige Stengelblätter. Blütenstand zylindrisch, 5 - 15 cm lang, dicht- und reichblütig. Blüten relativ klein, grün bis dunkel rotbraun gefarbt. Tragblätter lanzettlich und zugespitzt, etwa so lang wie der Fruchtknoten. Seitliche Sepalen eiförmig-lanzettlich und zugespitzt, 7 - 10 mm lang und 3 - 4 mm breit. Petalen 4 - 6 mm lang und 1 - 2 mm breit, zugespitzt. Alle Perigonblätter helmförmig zusammenneigend. Lippe dreilappig, 5 - 7 mm lang und 7 mm breit, flach, nach rückwärts umgebogen, der Mittellappen vorgezogen. Lippe grün bis dunkel rotbraun gefärbt, an der Basis heller, mit roten Punkten oder Strichen gezeichnet. Sporn kurz und konisch, an der Basis breit und am Ende zugespitzt, 5 - 6 mm lang, abwärts gerichtet. Wanzenähnlicher Geruch der Blüten.
Blütezeit: Von April bis Juni, relativ spätblühend.
Hohenverbreitung: Von der Küste bis etwa 2200 m.
Standort: Auf feuchten Standorten, im Mittelmeergebiet auch auf trockeneren Böden wachsend.
Naturschutz: Nach der Bundesartenschutz-Verordnung vom Aussterben bedroht.
Bastarde: Nachgewiesen mit O. collina, laxiflora, morio, palustris und tridentata, A. pyramidalis, S. vomeracea subsp. vomeracea.
Bildnachweis: 20.6.1970, Kitzingen (Unterfranken), H. Baumann
"Die wildwachsende Orchideen Europas", H. Baumann, S. Künkele, Kosmos, Stuttgart, (1982),

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Orchis coridphora L.

Description: Plant petite to medium in size, 12 - 50 cm high. Stem erect and thin. Leaves 4 - 10, the most heaped in rosettes at the base. The basal leaves narrow and lanceolate, acuminate, 5 - 15 cm long and 0.8 - 2.0 cm wide, folded and unspotted. follow up 2 to 4 failed ended stem leaves. Inflorescence cylindrical, 5 - 15 cm long, densely and floriferous. Blossoms relatively small, green to dark red-brown stained. Bracts lanceolate and pointed, about as long as the ovary. Lateral sepals ovate-lanceolate and sharpened, 7 - 10 mm long and 3 - 4 mm wide. Petals 4 - 6 mm long and 1 - 2 mm wide, acuminate. All helmet-shaped tepals together inherent. Lip three-lobed, 5 - 7 mm long and 7 mm wide, flat, bent backward, preferred the middle lobe. Lip green to dark red-brown, lighter at the base, marked with red dots or dashes. Spur short and conical, tapering at the base and wide at the end, 5 - 6 mm long, downward. Bugs like odor of blossoms.
Flowering time: From April to June, relatively late flowering.
Height Spread: From the sea level to around 2200 m.
Habitat: growing on damp locations, the Mediterranean region and on drier soils.
Conservation: After the federal protection of species regulation of extinction.
Bastards: Proved with O. Collina, laxiflora, morio, palustris and tridentata, A. pyramidalis, S. vomeracea subsp. vomeracea.
Origin pictures: 06/20/1970, Kitzingen (Lower Franconia), H. Baumann
"Die wildwachsende Orchideen Europas", H. Baumann, S. Künkele, Kosmos, Stuttgart, (1982),

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Perennials. Tubers round oval entire. Stem up to 30 cm high. Leaves numerous, erect, lanceolate or linear lanceolate. Inflorescence densely subsequently lanky. Blossoms relatively small. Bracts lanceolate, with a streak, tunicates, ovary long as or longer. Perianth leaflets ovate lanceolate or oblong, pointed, collected in a pointed beak-shaped helmet. Lip shorter than the helmet, tripartite. Laterally shares lanky side-linear, rounded, round serrated middle usually longer. of them foursquare, front engraved. Spur thin, flat, slightly shorter than the ovary.

Volatility

var. coriophora; var. typica Soo Monogr. et Iconogr. d. Orchid. (1930) 145. The middle share of the lip marginally long or longer than the side. Spur not longer than lip. Blossoms with an unpleasant odor of bedbugs. In our country, mainly in mountainous areas and foothills.
var. fragrans Boiss. Voyage. Bot. Esp. II (1845) 593; O. fragrans Polloni Elem. II (18i 1) 155. The middle share of the lip usually significantly (sometimes up to 3 times) longer than the side. Spur often longer than lip. Blossoms with a pleasant sweet flavor. Found in the warmer parts of the country, but connected by transitions to the previous variety.

Note. When dried exudes aroma of coumarin.

From: "Флора на НР България", том II, БАН, София, (1964),

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Originally this was identified as Orchis coriophora ssp fragans (Pollini) K.Richt. and even today some authorities like Delforge use the original name to present it as the new species Orchis fragrans Pollini. However the large databases at Kew, World Ckecklist etc. agree that the correct and accepted name for this taxon is Anacamptis coriophora (L.) R.M.Bateman, Pridgeon & M.W.Chase without any distinction being made between sub species.
http://www.ukwildflowers.com/Web_pages/anacamptis_coriophora_bug_orchid.htm
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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References: "Die wildwachsende Orchideen Europas", H. Baumann, S. Künkele, Kosmos, Stuttgart, (1982), "Флора на НР България", том II, БАН, София, (1964), Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Distribution in Bulgaria: In meadows and grassy meadows, quite often, almost throughout the whole Bulgaria, in the foothills, in the lowlands, in some places there are over 1000 meters altitude. (Conspectus of the Bulgarian Vascular Flora) = conspectus&gs_l= Zlc.

Distribution: Central and Southern Europe, the Crimea, the Caucasus, Asia Minor, Armenia, Iran, Iraq, Syria, Palestine, North Africa.

Conservation status and threats: not protected species in Bulgaria by the Biodiversity Law. Законодателство на Република България: Закон за биологичното разнообразие

Medical plant: yes, it is - http://lex.bg/laws/ldoc/2134916096

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