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Orchis elegans Heuff.

Orchis palustris Jacq.

Sumpf-Knabenkraut

Beschreibung: Pflanze groß und hochwüchsig, 20 - 60 cm hoch. Laubblätter 3 - 5, am Stengel verteilt und keine Rosette bildend. Die unteren Blätter sind bis zu 15 cm lang und 1cm breit, gefaltet und werden nach oben kleiner. Der Blütenstand ist langgestreckt und lockerblütig. Der Stengel ist steif aufrecht und im oberen Teil oft braunrot überlaufen. Die Tragblätter sind lang und zugespitzt, die unteren etwas länger als der Fruchtknoten, die oberen meist gleich lang. Die Blüten sind groß, violettrosa bis dunkelrot gefärbt und im helleren Mittelteil der Lippe mit dunklen Saftmalen besetzt. Die seitlichen Sepalen sind vollständigzurückgeschlagen, länglich oval, 8 - 9 mm lang und 3 - 4 mm breit. Das mittlere Sepal und die Petalen wölben sich über das Säulchen. Die Lippe ist dreilappig, 9 - 10 lang und 8 - 10 mm breit, mit vorgezogenem Mittellappen, die Seitenlappen sind flach ausgebreitet. Der Sporn ist horizontal bis aufwarts gerichtet, 9 - 10 mm lang am Ende nicht geteilt und halb so lang wie der Fruchtknoten. Diese Art ist innerhalb ihres großen Verbreitungsgebietes sehr variabel.
Blütezeit: Von Anfang April im Süden bis Ende Juli, später als O. laxiflora.
Hohenverbreitung: Von der Küste bis etwa 800 m.
Standort: Küstensümpfe, Flachmoore und andere geeignete Feuchtbiotope.
Naturschutz: Nach der Bundesartenschutz-Verordnung vom Aussterben bedroht.
Bastarde: Mit O. coriophora, laxiflora, morio, A. pyramidalis und S. neglecta subp. neglecta.
Bildnachweis: 6.7.1975, Oberbayern, M. Kalteisen.
"Die wildwachsende Orchideen Europas", H. Baumann, S. Künkele, Kosmos, Stuttgart, (1982),

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Orchis palustris Jacq.

Description: Plant large and quite tall, 20 - 60 cm high. Leaves 3 - 5, distributed on the stem and not rosette-forming. The lower leaves are up to 15 cm long and 1 cm wide, folded and small upwards. The inflorescence is elongated and loose. The stem is stiff and upright overrun often brownish in the upper part. The bracts are long and pointed, the lower slightly longer than the ovary, which usually top the same length. The blossoms are large, purple pink to dark red in color and lighter in occupied central part of the lip with dark juice painting. The lateral sepals are completely repulsed, elongated oval, 8 - 9 mm long and 3 - 4 mm wide. The median sepal and petals arching over the pillars. The lip is three-lobed, 9 - 10 long and 8 - 10 mm wide, with drawn early middle lobe, the side flaps are spread out, flat. The spur is directed horizontally to upwardly, 9 - 10 mm long not divided at the end and half as long as the ovary. This species is highly variable within its large distribution area.
Flowering time: From the beginning of April in the south to the end of July, later than O. laxiflora.
Height Spread: From the sea coast to about 800 m. altitude.
Habitat: Coastal marshes, fens and other suitable wetlands.
Conservation: After the federal protection of species regulation of extinction.
Bastards: With O. coriophora, laxiflora, morio, A. pyramidalis and S. neglecta ssp. neglecta.
Origin pictures: 6.7.1975, Oberbayern, M. Kalteisen.
"Die wildwachsende Orchideen Europas", H. Baumann, S. Künkele, Kosmos, Stuttgart, (1982),

643 (13). O. laxiflora Lam. Fl. Frang. Ill (1778)504; O. palustris auct. vix Jacq. Coll. I (1786) 57; Hayek Prodr. Fi. Penins. Balc. Ill (1933) 393 — Рядкоцветен, блатен салеп

Perennials. Oval tubers. Stem up to 60 cm high. Leaves Lancet pointed. Inflorescence lanky cylindrical, loose. Bracts lanceolate, long as ovary. Blossom purple. Perianth leaflets lanky, blunt. The two outer turned backwards, others gathered in the helmet with 1/3 shorter than external. Lip in its general outlines almost triangular or wedge semicircular, purple, basically whitish, in front of three parts. Side shares broadly oval, highly spread. The middle shorter front cut or slightly indented, sometimes almost absent. Spur horizontal, gradually curved upward, shorter than the ovary.

Volatility

ssp. elegans (Heuff.) Soo Not. Berlin (1926) 910; O. elegans. Heuff. Flora XVIII (1835) 250. Oral heart back. Blossoms large. Spur little shorter than the ovary or nearly as long. This subspecies in the country has more widespread than the typical species.

"Флора на НР България", том II, БАН, София, (1964),

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Orchis elegans Heuff. ex Rochel is a synonym of Anacamptis palustris (Jacq.) R.M.Bateman, Pridgeon & M.W.Chase
This name is a synonym of Anacamptis palustris (Jacq.) R.M.Bateman, Pridgeon & M.W.Chase.
The record derives from Tropicos which reports it as a synonym (record 23513872) with original publication details: Bot. Reise Banat. 67 67 1834.
Anacamptis palustris subsp. elegans (Heuff.) R.M.Bateman, Pridgeon & M.W.Chase is an accepted name
This name is the accepted name of an infraspecific taxon* of the species Anacamptis palustris (Jacq.) R.M.Bateman, Pridgeon & M.W.Chase in the genus Anacamptis (family Orchidaceae).
* The Plant List does not attempt to include all infraspecific taxa
The record derives from WCSP (data supplied on 2012-03-23) which reports it as an accepted name (record 8587) with original publication details: Lindleyana 12: 120 1997.
Full publication details for this name can be found in IPNI: http://ipni.org/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:998297-1.
From: www.The Plant List.org/tpl/record/tro-2351 3872

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Anacamptis palustris is a species of orchid. It is found in Europe, North Africa and western Asia. This orchid is native to Western and Central Europe, the Mediterranean region, the Balearic Islands, Turkey, Western Asia, Algeria and Tunisia in North Africa, and Saudi Arabia.[2][3]
It is a perennial herbaceous flower, and can be found in humid pastures, wet meadows and swamps. It prefers calcareous soils in full sun. It flowers in spring.[1]
Subspecies of Anacamptis palustris include:[4]

• Anacamptis palustris subsp. elegans
• Anacamptis palustris subsp. palustris

• Anacamptis palustris subsp. robusta — Mallorca (Balearic Islands), northern Algeria, Tunisia.[5]

See also
Distribution of orchid species
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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References: "Die wildwachsende Orchideen Europas", H. Baumann, S. Künkele, Kosmos, Stuttgart, (1982), "Флора на НР България", том II, БАН, София, (1964), www.The Plant List.org/tpl/record/tro-2351 3872 , Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Distribution in Bulgaria: In wet meadows and marshes. In the lowlands and foothills up to about 1000 m altitude in different parts of the country (Bulgaria), usually in large quantities. (Conspectus of the Bulgarian Vascular Flora) = conspectus&gs_l= Zlc.

Distribution: Central and Southern Europe, North Africa, West Asia Minor.

Conservation status and threats: not protected species in Bulgaria by the Biodiversity Law. Законодателство на Република България: Закон за биологичното разнообразие

Medical plant: it is not - http://lex.bg/laws/ldoc/2134916096

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