Fam: Primulaceae Vent.
Genus: Primula L.
Species: Primula veris L.
English Name: Common cowslip
Description:
Perennials. Rhizome short, with filamentous branches. Stem 5 - 35 cm tall, 1 - 3 mm diameter, standing, at the base naked or spread up just compressible fiber. Leaves 4 - 17 cm long, 2 - 8 cm wide, elliptical lanceolate to ovate and heart-shaped, irregularly wavy, serrated diluted just fibrous, up just short fiber, below in 4 - 7 or 30 - 40 times longer than its width, stratified yellowish fibrous simply, collected in the rosette, of 2.0 - 8.8 cm long, narrowly winged, just fibrous stems. Inflorescence simple, central or unilateral umlel, blossoms 3 - 10; bracts 2 - 11 mm long, 0.8 - 2.0 mm in clear width, grassy, lance, pointed, without blowing the base, covered with simple hairs. Calyx 8 - 16 mm long, 3 - 4 mm wide, bell-shaped in fruit abundance slightly puffer, advanced to the top, shares fused do3 / 4 wide at the top with a short triangular awn just glandular or fibrous glandular. Corolla 10 - 18 mm diameter, discoid or bell-shaped, tube 9 - 17 mm long, 2 - 3 mm wide, segments 5 - 9 mm long, 5 - 8 mm in clear width, wide rounded to heart-shaped, with shallow notch, often both sides of the notch overlapping with small warts, intense yellow. Box 8 - 10 mm high, 4 - 6 mm wide short cylindrical to ovoid, opening with 8 - 10 triangular teeth. Seeds 1.2 - 1.8 mm long and 1.0 - 1.2 mm in clear width, incorrectly polygonal, on the surface with small warts, black . Economic importance. Medicinal plant. Extracted substances of roots apply against cough. The leaves contain a high percent vitamin C. Decorative and honey .
Volatility
Subsp. veris; subsp. genuina Hayek, l.p. The leaves on both sides simply diluted fiber. Rim tube usually longer than the cup. In Bulgaria not met.
Subsp. canescens (Opiz) Hayek ex Ludi in Hegi, Fl. Mitteleur. V ( 3 ) ( 1927 ) 1752 ; Valent: et Kress, 1. c.; P. veris subsp. officinalis var. canescens (Opiz) Hayek, 1. c.; P. officinalis var. canescens Opiz, in Bercht. et Opiz, Fl. Bohem. II, 2 (204 ) P. officinalis f. canescens (Opiz) Stoj. Stef. et Kitan., FL. Bulgarian ed . 4 , II ( 1967) 826 . Leaves below, with thick, 4 - 7 times longer than broad simple cloth. Petal’s tube equal to or slightly longer than the calyx. Calyx just fiber. Distributed to 1,100 m altitude.
Subsp. columnae (Ten.) Ludi in Hegi, Fl. Mitteleur. V ( 3 ) ( 1927 ) 1752 ; Valent. et Kress, Fl. Eur. Ill ( 1972) 17; P. veris subsp. columnae (Ten.) Hayek, Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc . II ( 1928 ) 24; P. columnae Ten., Fl. Nap. Prodr. 1 (1815) 54; P. officinalis subsp. suaveolens (Bertol.) Stoj. et Stef., 1. c.; P. officinalis var. columnae (Ten.) Stoj. Stef. et Kitan., op. c. ed . 4 , II ( 1967) 826; P. suaveolens Bertol., Journ Bot. Aplic. Agric. II ( 1816 ) 76. Leaves bottom stratified yellowish fibrous simply by 30 - 40 times longer than its width cloth. Just a single calyx and glandular hairy. Common in species boundaries between 800 and 2500 m altitude
Flowering Time: Blooms : II, III, fruitful : IV-VI.
References: „Флора на НР България”, том VIII, БАН, София, (1982)
Distribution in Bulgaria: In grassy areas and around bushes on the plains, foothills and mountains. Spread from sea level up to about 2,500 m altitude.
(Conspectus of the Bulgarian Vascular Flora) = conspectus&gs_l= Zlc.
Distribution: Europe (excluding the northern parts) and the Mediterranean.
Conservation status and threats: not protected species in Bulgaria by theBiodiversity Law.Законодателство на Република България: Закон за биологичното разнообразие.
Medical plant:it is - http://lex.bg/laws/ldoc/2134916096
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Primula veris_1. Primula veris_2. Primula veris_3. Primula veris_4.
Primula veris_5. Primula veris_6. Primula veris_7.
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