Primula vulgaris Huds., Fl. Angl. (1762) 70; Hayek, Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc. II (1928) 23; Valent.et Kress, Fl. Eur. Ill (1972) 16; P. acaulis Jacq., Misc. Austr. (1778)158; Vel., Fl. Bulg. (1891) 474; Стоян. Стеф., Фл. Бълг. изд. 1, II (1925) 861 - Безстъблена иглика
Fam: Primulaceae Vent.
Genus: Primula L.
Species: Primula vulgaris Huds.
English Name: Common primrose, English primrose
Description:
Perennials. Rhizome short, knotted. Stem missing. Leaves 5 - 14 cm long, 1.2 - 5.6 cm wide, gathered in a rosette of 1 - 4 cm long, 0.5 - 1.0 cm wide, winged, just fibrous handles, shoev-similar to reverse egg-shaped prominent the edge irregularly toothed to shallow wavy pleated, top naked or just a single fibrous veins, veins beneath mostly simple and glandular pubescent, green. Blossoms 1 - 7 in the inflorescence, pedicels 3 - 15 cm long, 1.0 - 2.5 mm diameter, fibrous or just with simple and single glandular hairs erect before flowering , after flowering spread; pritsvetnite 1.0 - 1 5 cm long, 1.0 - 1.5 mm in clear width, flat, visible keel with simple to tip more dense hairs. Calyx 13 - 18 mm high, 3 -10 mm wide, bell-shaped, the shares back wedge with pronounced keel 1/2 - 1/3 fused in pounds just fiber. Corolla 2 - 3 cm broad, discoid or widely bell-shaped; tube 12 - 16 мм long, 2 - 3 mm wide, corolla parts 10 - 16 mm long, 6 - 15 mm wide, heart-shaped, cut to 1/5 nude yellow, pink , pink- purple. Box 4 - 9 mm long, 3 - 7 mm wide, short cylindrical or slightly tapered at both ends, opening with 6 - 8 triangular teeth, naked, are included in the cup. Seeds 1.2 - 2.2 мм long, 0.6 - 1.2 mm in clear width, irregular polygonal to rounded, the surface with warts, sticky
Volatility
Subsp. vulgaris; P. vulgaris subsp. eu-vulgaris Hayek, 1. c.; P. acaulis var. macedonica auct. Stoj. et Stef., 1. c. non Adam. Color yellow . Widespread.
Subsp. sibthorpii (Hoffmanns.) W. W. Sm. et Forest, Not. Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 16 (1928) 42; Valent. et Kress, 1. c.; P. sibthorpii Hoffmanns., Fl. Germ. 1 (1891) 142; P. vulgaris subsp. rubra (Sibth. et Sm.) Hayek, 1. c.; P. acaulis var. rosea Boiss., Fl. Orient. 4 (1789) 74 ; Stoyan . Steph., Op. village , nzd . 1 , II ( 1925 ) 861; P. acaulis f. rosea (Boiss.) Stoj. Stef. et Kitan, op. c. ed . 4 . II ( 1967) 826 . Color pink to pink-purple. Coast ( North - in the woods Balata, South - forest at the mouth of the river Ropotamo) Eastern Balkan Mountains and Strandja .
General distribution . Southwest (east to the Crimea ), South and Central (in eastern Denmark and Northern Ukraine), Europe and the Caucasus.
Economic importance . Both subspecies are highly decorative value. The typical subspecies is widely distributed as an ornamental landscape plant. P. vulgaris subsp. sibthorpii of natural origin grown massively in the courtyards of Strandja villages, Mалко Търново and Primorsko. Introduced partly in Central Europe and hence probably paid back in Bulgaria .
Remark. Based on materials collected by the Sava Kazandjiev ( 1889 ) (SOM- 56822 , 56823 , 56824 ), Yanev (1962) indicates the existence of a hybrid between P. vulgaris Huds. and P, veris L. subsp. canescens (Ten.) Huds., distributed in Голо Бърдо, Konyavska, Rudina mountain and around Земен Station. Stoyanov, Stefanov and Kitanov (1967), citing data Yanev adopt this hybrid.
Revision of herbarium collections and personal duties did not confirm the existencе of this hybrid in natural conditions. In the above-mentioned areas is now distributed only P. veris L. subsp. canescens.
Flowering Time: Blooms: II-IV; fruitful: IV-VI.
References: „Флора на НР България”, том VIII, БАН, София, (1982)
Distribution in Bulgaria: In plains and low mountains on moderately moist and rich soil. Spread from sea level up to about 900 m altitude.
(Conspectus of the Bulgarian Vascular Flora) = conspectus&gs_l= Zlc.
Distribution: Southwest (east to the Crimea ), South and Central (in eastern Denmark and Northern Ukraine), Europe and the Caucasus.
Conservation status and threats: protected species in Bulgaria by theBiodiversity Law. Законодателство на Република България: Закон за биологичното разнообразие.
Medical plant: yes, it is - http://lex.bg/laws/ldoc/2134916096
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Primula vulgaris_1. Primula vulgaris_2.
E-mail: krnanev@gmail.com © K.Nanev
