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Saxifraga pedemontana All.

Saxifraga pedemontana AIL, Fl. Pedem. 11 (1785) 73; Hayek, Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc. I (1925) 639; D. A. Webb, Fl. Eur. 1 (1964)372; Exs.: PI. Bulg. Exsicc. No 358 (sub S. cymosa Waldst. et Kit). — Пиемонтска каменоломка

Fam:  Saxifragaceae Juss.
Genus:   Saxifraga L.
Species: Saxifraga pedemontana All.
English Name: Piedmont saxifrage

Description:

Perennial . Dense clump like. Stems 5 - 6 cm long, creeping or ascending, with numerous remains of leaves, branched, forming large loose cushion. Leaves consecutive, the lowest collected in a loose, flat rosette (9) 15 - 20 (30) mm long, 7 - 12 (20) mm wide, wedge-shaped, reverse ovate, wedge-shaped to semicircular, shallow or almost to the middle palmate chopped, with (3) 5 - 7 (11) entire partitions at the base narrowed into short wide stem, whole densely fibrous or glandular simple hairs or naked without cartilage edge leather-like, fleshy or thin, grassy, dark green. Truss branches 4 - 15 cm tall, simple, green, glandular pubescent, erect or ascending; stem leaves ovate back wedge, on short stems to almost seated, glandular or simply fibrous, 7 - 12 (20) mm long, 4 - 7 (13) mm wide. Blossoms 3 - 7, collected in loose umbel-like panicle. Blossom  branches erect or spreading, short glandular pubescent. The bracts (3) 4 - 5 (7) mm long and 0.5 (1) mm wide, elliptic, lance, stubbed, green on both sides densely glandular pubescent. Pedicels 2 - 6 (11) mm long, glandular pubescent, shorter than the calyx. Sepals 5 mm long and 1 mm wide, the base divided, oblong linear or linear, or linear-lance, stubbed on the outside edge glandular and fibrous, fetal face. Petals 6 - 15 mm long, 3 - 4 (5) mm wide, ovate back wedge, entire, white, 3 yellow-green veins, medium straight, the lateral curved,  naked, equal each other, 2 - 3 times longer than the calyx. The stalks of the stamens fibrous. Anthers yellow. Cumulus boxes, up to 4 mm in diameter; pedicles spread. Seeds 0.8 - 0.9 mm long, extended ovoid, with perfectly fine sharp papillae, brownish.

variability :

subsp. pedemontana. Leaves fleshy or leathery; shares 2 times longer than wide; Blossom stems 6 - 15 cm tall. In Bulgaria not found
subsp. cymosa (Waldst. et Kit.) Engl, in Engl, et Prantl, Natürl. Pflanzenfam. Ill, 2a  (1890) 55; S. cymosa Waldst. et Kit., PI. Rar. Hung. I (1802) 91; Stoyan . Steph ., FL . Bulgarian ed. 1, I (1924 ) 552; S. cymosa f. mildeana Podp., Verh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien LII (1902) 653. Leaves soft grassy, the proportions of less than 2 times longer than wide, blossom stems 4 - 9 cm tall. Western and Central Stara Planina, Vitosha region (Vitosha) West Frontier Mountains (Osogovska mountain) Belasitza, Pirin, Rila, West and Central Rhodopes.
var. cymosa. Petals 10 - 15 mm long. Western and Central Stara Planina, Vitosha region, (Vitosha), West Frontier Mountains (Osogovska mountain) Belasitza, Pirin, Rila, West and Middle Rhodopes.
var. parvifjora (Stoj. Acht. T. Georg.) Kuzm. comb, n.; S. cymosa var. parviflora Stoj., Acht. et T. Georg., Izv. Bulg. Bot. Proof VI (1934) 66; Stoyan . Steph . Kitan, FL . Bulgarian ed . 4, I (1966) 511 - petals 6 - 8 mm long. Central Stara Planina (Balabana peak, Great Kupen peak), Pirin (Razlojki Suhodol).

Note:
1. The type is indicated by most authors of Bulgarian flora such as S. cymosa Waldst. et Kit., differs from typical S. pedemontana mainly by texture of the leaves, so as geographical separation Carpathian- Balkan race is the most appropriate.
2. As D. A. Webb (1963) notes, the combination S. cymosa Waldst. et Kit. is illegal as "unnecessary” published synonym of S. pedemontana All. and S. caespitosa Wulf. (conf. Waldstein u Kitaibel, 1. c.). Therefore, in species differentiation of populations of Carpathian – Balkan  to create a new combination.

Flowering Time: Blooms V-IX, llodonosi VII-X.

References: „Флора на НР България”, том IV, БАН, София, (1970)

Distribution in Bulgaria: In the damp and shady marshy, rocky places, silica, in mountain and alpine belt. Western and Central Stara Planina (Balkan), Vitosha region (Vitosha ) West Frontier Mountains (Osogovska mountain) Belasitza, Pirin, Rila and Rodopi West and Central Rodope, mountains, between 2000 and 2900 m altitude. (Conspectus of the Bulgarian Vascular Flora) = conspectus&gs_l= Zlc.

Distribution: South and particular Central part of Europe (Italy, southern France, Corsica, Sardinia, Yugoslavia, Romania, Ukraine).

Conservation status and threats:  not protected species in Bulgaria by theBiodiversity Law. Законодателство на Република България: Закон за биологичното разнообразие