Sisymbrium loeseili L.
1192(3). S. loeseili L., Cent. Pl. 1 (1755) 18; Hayek, Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc. 1(1925) 377— Льозелова мъдрица
Fam: Cruciferae Juss. (Brassicaceae)
Genus: Sisymbrium L.
Species: Sisymbrium loeseili L.
English Name: Small tumbleweed mustard, False London-rocket, and Tall hedge mustardDescription: Annual or biennial plant. Stem erect, 20 - 100 (150) cm high, most often at the upper side, rarely from the base branched, richly leafy, cylindrical, smooth, at the bottom more or less densely covered with rough, white, 1 - 2 mm long, spread or pointed downwards bristles, almost bare at the top. The basic leaves during flowering usually dry. Bottom and middle stem leaves bristly fibrous, with short petioles, lyre-similar, feathery cut, with a much larger triangular ovoid to triangular oblong with a spear-like base, a toothed apex and usually 2 to 3 much smaller on each side, more or less serrated to cut lance lateral shares. Top leaves feathery cut with a very elongated and serrated top and linear lateral shares, on the underside or at least along the edge of the ciliate fibrous. Inflorescence during flowering hemispherical, later grape, elongated. Young pods do not protrude beyond the flowers and buds. Flowers without bracts, single. Blossom petioles 5 - 10 mm long, thin, glabrous or sometimes with rare long hairs. Blossom buds elliptical. Sepals 2.5 - 3 (4) mm long and 1 - 1.5 mm wide, lance or elliptic, slightly yellowish, dull, glabrous or at the top ciliate fibrous. Petals 4 - 7 mm long and 2 - 3 mm wide, twice as long as the calyx, gradually narrowed into a short nail, back ovate, light yellow. Stamen petioles 4 - 6 mm long; anthers about 1.5 mm long, oblong linear, at the base arrow-shaped. Fruits 6 - 10 mm long, not thicker than 0.5 mm in diameter and significantly thinner than the fruit, deviated from the axis of the inflorescence at an angle of 60 - 80 °, rarely nearly horizontal, bare or with sparse long hairs. The pods are cylindrical, 1.5 - 3 (4) cm long and 0.7 -1 mm thick, bare, straight or slightly sickle-shaped, rising, rarely almost horizontal, at the top with very short (about 0.5 - 1 mm long) a style with a broad clear two-parted stigma; the young do not stick out over the flowers and buds. The caps of the pod are convex, rough, with 3 clearly visible veins. Partition wall tiled, transparent. Seeds 0.7 - 1 mm long and 0.3 - 0.5 mm wide weins, about 40 in number, oblong, without a calyx appendage at the upper end, yellowish brown, almost smooth, glossy or slightly longitudinally furrowed.
Economic importance. The leaves contain 117 - 155mg of vitamin C and are used for food as salad. The seeds contain about 30% fat, edible and technical. It is used in folk medicine. Nectariferous.
From „Флора на НР България”, том IV, БАН, София, (1970) * * *
Sisymbrium loeselii is a species of flowering plant in the mustard family known by several common names, including small tumbleweed mustard,[1] false London-rocket,[2] and tall hedge mustard. It is native to Eurasia, and it is known on other continents as an introduced species and in some areas a common roadside weed. It is an annual herb producing a hairy, erect stem which can exceed a meter in height. The leaf blades are divided into triangular, lance-shaped, and toothed linear lobes, and are borne on petioles. The top of the stem is occupied by a raceme of flowers with bright yellow petals each measuring just under a centimeter long. The fruit is a silique up to 3.5 centimeters in length containing tiny seeds.
This plant is allelopathic against other species growing around it. It produces chemicals that inhibit the germination of seeds of other species, including bluebunch wheatgrass (Pseudoroegneria spicata) and Idaho fescue (Festuca idahoensis).[3] It also inhibits arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus species, such as Glomus intraradices.[3]From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia * * *
Flowering Time: Blooms: VI - VII (VIII). Distribution in Bulgaria: Flowering in deserted Ruderalized places mainly in settlements, in yards, near fences, in dumps, grassy places, near roads and railways, sometimes in vegetable gardens and in the fields in the fields. Widespread, in the plains and foothills up to 1000 m altitude. (Conspectus of the Bulgarian Vascular Flora) = conspectus&gs_l= Zlc. Distribution: Central and Eastern Europe, Southeast Asia, Caucasus, Central Asia.
Conservation status and threats: not protected species in Bulgaria by the Biodiversity Law. - Biological Diversity Act - http://eea.government.bg/bg/legislation/biodiversity/zbran_22.08.15.pdf
Medical plant: yes, it is medical plant - Medicinal Plants Act - http://eea.government.bg/bg/legislation/biodiversity/ZLR_en.pdf
References: „Флора на НР България”, том IV, БАН, София, (1970), Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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