Stachys palustris L.
2665 (8). S. palustris L., Sp. Pl.., ed. 1 (1753) 580; Hayek, Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc., II (1929) 288; Ball, Fl. Eur., III (1972) 154 — Блатен чистец
Fam: Labiatae juss. (Lamiaceae)
Genus: Stachys L.
Species: Stachys palustris L.
English Name: Marsh woundwort, Marsh hedgenettle, or Hedge-nettleDescription: Perennial plant. The rhizome long, creeping, branched. The stem is upright, 30 - 120 cm high, usually simple, thin or densely fibrous. The leaves 3 - 12 cm long, 0.6 - 3.0 cm wide, oblong, wide to linearly lance, at the base cut, heart-shaped, on top sharp, jagged, adherent fibers; the basal with short petioles, the upper ones sitting or the short petioles, the inflorescence leaves elliptic lance, entirety, slightly longer than the vertebrae. The vertebrae with 4 - 12 blossoms, the lower separated, the upper ones clustered in a wheatear-like inflorescence. The bracts are linear, 2 - 3 mm long, or missing. The calyx tubular bell-similar, 6 - 8 mm long, fibrous or almost naked, the teeth are triangularly lance, pointed at the tip, slightly shorter or almost equal to the tube. Crown 12 - 15 mm long, purple, the tube included in the calyx; upper lip 3 - 5 mm long, short fibrous, lower 5 - 8 mm long, 3-part with wide middle share with darker violet drawing. Nuts back ovate, rounded and bulging, 2.2 mm long, 1.7 mm wide, black brown, abdominal edge reaching to the upper.
It is mentioned for Prebalkan, Rila (Samokov), Sredna gora (Ihtiman) (Urum., 1897, 1908, 1909, 1928, 1935) and for the whole of Bulgaria (Vel., 1898, Stoyan, Stefan Kitan, 1967).
Volatility
1 Lower leaves with short handle, upper seated .............................................................................................................................. 2
1* All leaves with petiole .................................................................................................................................................................. 3
2 The leaves are broadly lanceolate, more than 6 mm wide ….............................................................….. var. palustris. Distributed.
2* Leaves linear-lance, up to 6 mm wide .............. var angustifolia Vis., Fl. Dalm., II (1847) 207. Northeastern Bulgaria (c. Garvan, Silistra).
3 Stem and leaves short fibrous; calyx almost naked ............... var. virescens Bornm., Bot. Centr., XXXVI (1915) 127. Black Sea coast (Kamchiya), Danube plain (Vardim, Svishtov, Orsoya, Lomsko).
3* Stem, leaves and cup velvet fibrous ................... var. velutina Vand., Rel. Form. (1909) 464. Thracian Lowland (c. Katunitsa, Plovdiv).Note. Velenovsky (1891) notes for a material from Plovdiv that it is distinguished by a peculiar velvet indumentum, probably related to var. velutina Vand.
From: „Флора на Н Р България”, том IX, БАН, София, (1989) * * *
Stachys palustris, commonly known as marsh woundwort,[2] marsh hedgenettle,[3] or hedge-nettle,[4] is an edible[5] perennial grassland herb growing to 80 centimeters tall. It is native to parts of Eurasia but has been introduced to North America.[4] The species epithet palustris is Latin for "of the marsh" and indicates its common habitat.[6]
Description
Marsh woundwort is a perennial plant growing from a horizontal tuberous runner. It has square stems with opposite pairs of leaves that are almost stalkless, linearly lanceolate, slightly cordate at the base and toothed. The calyx has five sharply-pointed lobes. The purplish-red flowers are in terminal spikes, with gaps in the lower part of the spike. They are arranged in whorls, each flower consisting of five fused petals, the corolla being two-lipped, the upper lip being gently hooded and the lower lip flat and three-lobed. The flowers are mostly visited by bumblebees.[7] There are four stamens, two long and two short and the fruit is a dry four-chambered schizocarp.[8][9]
Distribution and habitat
The marsh woundwort is native to Europe and Asia. Its typical habitat is near the shore of lakes, in marshes with alder trees, on the banks of ditches and streams, in damp meadows, in arable ground and in waste places. In arable land, it is a difficult weed to get rid of because of its persistent tubers.[9]
Ecology
Although the marsh woundwort has little fragrance, it is very attractive to bumblebees. Nectar indicators guide the insect to probe into the centre of the flower and the anthers of the stamens and the pistils are correctly located for the insect to transfer pollen between flowers. The seeds of this plant disperse well, the dry fruit capsules float away and this probably why the plant is frequently found on the banks of lakes and other bodies of water. It also spreads vegetatively by means of hollow tuberous root which can throw up shoots far from the original plant.[9]
Uses
As their common names suggest, along with its close relatives field woundwort and hedge woundwort it is used to promote the healing of wounds. Wort is a middle English word for a herb or vegetable.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia * * *
Flowering Time: Blooms: VI - VIII, fruitful: VII - IX.
Distribution in Bulgaria: Grows on highly humid meadows, along rivers, swamps, wetlands, irrigation canals. Black Sea coast, Northeastern Bulgaria, Danube Plain, Sofia region, Znepoe region, Vitosha region, Struma valley, Thracian valley, Tundzha hilly plain, from sea level up to 1000 m altitude. (Conspectus of the Bulgarian Vascular Flora) = conspectus&gs_l= Zlc. Distribution: Europe (up to 70 ° northern latitude), more commonly the Mediterranean, Asia, North America.
Conservation status and threats: not protected species in Bulgaria by the Biodiversity Law. - Biological Diversity Act - http://eea.government.bg/bg/legislation/biodiversity/zbran_22.08.15.pdf
Medical plant: no, it is not - Medicinal Plants Act - http://eea.government.bg/bg/legislation/biodiversity/ZLR_en.pdf
References: „Флора на Н Р България”, том IX, БАН, София, (1989), Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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