Tilia tomentosa Moench.
2037 (2). T. tomentosa Moench. Verz. Ausl. Baume Wissenst. (1785) 136; Koch, Dendrol. I (1869) 477; Hayek, Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc. I (1925) 555; Browicz, Fl. Eur. II (1968) 247; T. alba Waldst. et Kit., Pl. Hung. rar. III (1802) 2, t. 3; Vel., Fl. Bulg. (1891) 102; T. argentea Desf. in DC., Cat. Horti Monsp. (1813) 150; Стоян., Стеф., Фл. Бълг., изд. 1, II (1925) 743; Т. rotundifolia Vent., Mem. Acad. Sci. Paris IV (1803) 12; Exs.: PI. Exicc. Austro-Hung. No 1882; Pl. Exicc. Rom. No 387; Dörfl., Herb. Norm. No 685, 3814 — Cpeбролистна липа
Fam: Tiliaceae Juss.
Genus: Tilia L.
Species: Tilia tomentosa Moench.
English Name: Silver linden, Silver limeDescription: Perennial plant. Root system developed in both depth and surface, giving multiple shoots. Stems up to 25 m high, straight. The young crust ash to dark gray, old to 3 cm thick, dark gray, deeply cracked. The branches elevated or horizontal, the crown is dense, pyramidal. The young branches gray ash, covered with falling simple veins. Pimples 4 - 5 mm long, ovate, rounded on the top, gray, covered with thick simple hairs, with 2 - 3 flakes. Leaf petioles 2 - 6 cm long, covered at the base and under the leaf blade with groups of simple hairs, rarely naked. Leaves 4 - 12 cm long, 3.5 - 12.0 cm wide, broadly heart-shaped to rounded, to the top suddenly narrow, with a slightly asymmetrical base, acutely finely jagged, rarely with buttocks (but non-cushions); the young on both sides with star-shaped hair; the old on top light to dark green, with single simple, bottom with dense starry hairs. The inflorescence leaflet is 1.5 - 10.0 cm long, 0.6 - 1.5 cm wide, lance to linearly lance, on the tip irregularly rounded up to 1/2 with the blooming axis covered with dense, top with single simple hairs or naked. Blossoms 8 - 10, bipolar, blossom petiole covered with rare simple hairs or naked; sepals 3,5 - 5,0 mm long, 1,8 - 2,2 mm wide, backward heartbeat, to the top slightly pointed, to the top and base with long simple hairs; petals 4 - 7 mm long, 2.0 - 3.5 mm wide, elliptical, on the top wrong shallowly cut, short nails, naked, yellowish; stamens shorter than the crown; the style longer than it. The walnut bead, 0.8 - 1.0 cm long, 0.7 - 0.9 cm wide, hard, with 4 distinct longitudinal ribs, covered with thick simple hairs.
Economic importance. Park and decorative element.
From: „Флора на Н Р България”, том XII, БАН, София, (1979) * * *
Tilia tomentosa, known as silver linden in the US[1] and silver lime in the UK, is a species of flowering plant in the family Malvaceae, native to southeastern Europe and southwestern Asia, from Hungary and the Balkans east to western Turkey, occurring at moderate altitudes.[2][3]Description
Tilia tomentosa is a deciduous tree growing to 20–35 m (66–115 ft) tall, with a trunk up to 2 m (7 ft) in diameter. The leaves are alternately arranged, rounded to triangular-ovate, 4–13 cm long and broad with a 2.5–4 cm petiole, green and mostly hairless above, densely white tomentose with white hairs below, and with a coarsely toothed margin. The flowers are pale yellow, hermaphrodite, produced in cymes of three to ten in mid to late summer with a pale green subtending leafy bract; they have a strong scent and are pollinated by honeybees. The fruit is a dry nut-like drupe 8–10 mm long, downy, and slightly ribbed.[2][4]
Cultivation and uses
It is widely grown as an ornamental tree throughout Europe. The cultivar 'Brabant' has a strong central stem and a symmetrical conic crown. The cultivar 'Petiolaris' (pendent or weeping silver lime) differs in longer leaf petioles 4–8 cm long and drooping leaves; it is of unknown origin and usually sterile, and may be a hybrid with another Tilia species.[2][4] It is very tolerant of urban pollution, soil compaction, heat, and drought, and would be a good street tree in urban areas, apart from the problems it causes to bees.[2][5] In cultivation in the United Kingdom, T. tomentosa 'Petiolaris' has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[6][7]
An infusion made from the flowers of T. tomentosa is antispasmodic, diaphoretic and sedative.[8] This may be attributable to the presence of pharmacologically active ligands of benzodiazepine receptor [9]
A widespread belief is that the nectar of this species contains mannose, which can be toxic to some bees. This is incorrect; the sight of numerous comatose bees found on the ground at flowering time is rather a result of the paucity of nectar sources in late summer in urban areas.[10]
This species, while fragrant in spring, drops buds and pollen during the spring and fall. It is not a good sidewalk tree for that reason, requiring frequent streetcleaning.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia * * * Flowering Time: Blooms: VI, fruitful: VII - IX. Distribution in Bulgaria: Growing in mixed deciduous forests, mostly on dry soils in the mountains. Spread, from 800 to 1500 m altitude. (Conspectus of the Bulgarian Vascular Flora) = conspectus&gs_l= Zlc. Distribution: Central (Northern Hungary) and South-East (Balkan Peninsula, East to Western Ukraine) Europe, Southwest Asia.
Conservation status and threats: not protected species in Bulgaria by the Biodiversity Law. - Biological Diversity Act - http://eea.government.bg/bg/legislation/biodiversity/zbran_22.08.15.pdf
Medical plant: yes, it is medical plant - Medicinal Plants Act - http://eea.government.bg/bg/legislation/biodiversity/ZLR_en.pdf
References: „Флора на Н Р България”, том XII, БАН, София, (1979), Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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